Ecological and geochemical studies of clastic material from the Bureya landslide after cyclic freezing/thawing in vitro

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The paper presents the results of experimental study (in vitro) of the transformation of clastic material (CM) sampled from a landslide body at the Bureya water reservoir. СM samples are considered as a model for assessing the influence of abiogenic and biogenic factors on the transformation (destruction, dissolution) of Si-containing minerals under various conditions of cyclic freezing/thawing, i. e., the dry sample; the samples placed in deionized water and in the presence of a solution of low molecular weight peptides. Freezing was carried out at a temperature of –18 °C, and thawing at a different temperature range (+4°C and +23°C). The elemental composition of aqueous solutions was determined by ICP-MS, and the microstructure of the CM surface was determined using scanning electron microscopy. As a result of 5 cycles after 7 days of freezing/thawing of CM samples in deionized water, the content of water-soluble forms of chemical elements (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Ag, Cd, Tl, Bi, As) was below the detection limits of the device (< 0.001 µg/l). However, in the presence of a nutrient medium with peptone and a natural microbial consortium that retained its viability, the concentrations of a number of elements (Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, As, Hg) in the aquatic environment increased significantly. According to SEM images, a significant change in the microstructure of the surface of the samples CM occurred regardless of the thawing temperature when microorganisms were activated by low-molecular peptides. The formation of biofilms on the surface of CM grains was accompanied by the formation of various isomorphic microaggregates.

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L. Kondratyeva

Institute of Water and Ecology Problems, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: kondratevalm@gmail.com
俄罗斯联邦, ul. Dikopol’tseva 56, Khabarovsk, 680000

E. Golubeva

Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences; Pacific National University

Email: evg8302@yandex.ru
俄罗斯联邦, ul. Kim Yu Chen 65, Khabarovsk, 680000; ul. Tiкhookeanskaya 136, Khabarovsk, 680035

N. Konovalova

Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: turtle_83@rambler.ru
俄罗斯联邦, ul. Kim Yu Chen 65, Khabarovsk, 680000

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2. Fig. 1. General characteristics of the elemental composition of the OM samples used in the experiment.

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3. Fig. 2. Proof of the viability of microorganisms after 30 days of freezing at –18°C of OM samples: a – dry sample; b – sample in H2O/D; c – sample in the presence of peptone.

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4. Fig. 3. SEM images of the surface of the OM sample in deionized water at defrosting temperature: a, b – 4°C (×2000; ×10000); c, d – 23°C (×1000; ×10000).

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5. Fig. 4. SEM image and elemental composition of individual loci of the OM particle surface in an aqueous solution with peptone after cyclic freezing (–18°C) and thawing at a temperature of: a – 4°C (spectra 229–231); b – 23°C (spectra 232–236). MB – bacterial microcolonies, SF – spheroids; KA – colloidal agglomerates; SM – scaly microstructure; SP – stack of plates.

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