Heavy metals and their forms of occurrence in sulfide-containing ore beneficiation waste (Buryatia)

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The extraction and beneficiation of tungsten-molybdenum ores in the Dzhida ore district (Buryatia) were carried out for several decades. Sulfide-containing production waste in the form of technogenic sands with a total volume of more than 40 million tons has been accumulated over the years of the operation of processing plants. The tailings dumps are adjacent directly to the territory of Zakamensk town. Currently, the technogenic sand continues to pose a threat to the health of urban population and the environment. In this regard, the content of W, Mo, As, Fe, Mn, S and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Ni, Pb) were determined in the technogenic sands. The content of Cu exceeds its permissible concentrations by 3.3–9.7 times, Zn exceeds by 4.2–10.9 times and Pb, by 5.5–25 times. The distribution of elements by grain size and along the vertical section of the tailings dump was studied. The forms of element occurrence were determined by geochemical forms. To find the elements forms, we used a five-stage sequential BCR extraction scheme in static mode. The standard sample BCR-701 was analyzed along with the studied samples. The results obtained indicate the influence of particle-size distribution on the content and mobility of elements. The ion-exchange form of elements is actively leached from dust and fine sand fractions. The mobility of elements from technogenic sands is also facilitated by high acidity of waste sulfide-containing ores. The pH of the water extract of technogenic sands is 3.3–6.8. Exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of mobile forms of elements was revealed for Pb by up to 15.8 times, for Zn by 3.9 times, and for Cu up to 2.5–9.5 times. The nickel content in enrichment waste is lower than that required by regulatory documents. The studied technogenic sands contain fairly high amounts of Fe and Mn mobile forms, which are in the range of 83–112 mg/kg and 200–335 mg/kg, respectively. However, their values do not exceed standard quantities. Thus, the research results indicate that standards are exceeded and that ore waste has a harmful effect on the environment (Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni).

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

B. V. Dampilova

Dobretsov Geological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: bdampilova@mail.ru
Russian Federation, 6a, Sakhyanova St., Ulan-Ude, 670047

References

  1. Abramov, B.N., Eremin, O.V., Filenko, R.A., Tsyrenov, T.G. [Assessment of the potential hazard of natural and technogenous complexes of ore deposits (Eastern Transbaikalia, Russia)]. Geosfernye issledovaniya, 2020, no. 2, pp. 64–75. (in Russian)
  2. Vdovina, O.K., Lavrusevich, A.A., Melent’ev, G.B. et al. [The chemical composition of the fractions of clastic matter in mining and tailing dumps as the basis for the potential geoecological hazard of mining enterprises’ operation areas]. Vestnik MGSU, Seriya Bezopasnost stroitelnykh sistem, Ekologicheskie problemy v stroitel’stve, Geoekologiya, 2014, no. 12, pp. 152–161. (in Russian)
  3. Vekovshinina, S.A., Klein, S.V., Khankhareev, S.S., Makarova, L.V. et al. [Assessment of habitat quality and risks to the population health in Zakamensk, the territory of long-term waste storage of the Dzhidinsky tungsten-molybdenum combine]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2017, no. 1, vol. 96, pp. 15–20. (in Russian)
  4. Gordienko, I.V., Gorokhovskii, D.V., Lantseva, V.S., Badmatsyrenova, R.A. [Dzhidinsky ore district: structure, metallogeny, geodynamics, and development prospects]. Izvestiya Sibirskogo otdeleniya sektsii nauk o Zemle RAEN, Geologiya, razvedka i razrabotka mestorozhdenii poleznykh iskopaemykh, 2017, no. 1, vol. 40, pp. 9–31. (in Russian)
  5. Goryachev, A.A., Krasavtseva, E.A., Lashchuk, V.V. et al. [Assessment of environmental hazards and the possibility of processing tailings of loparite ore beneficiation]. Ekologiya i promyshlennost’ Rossii, 2020, no. 12, vol. 24, pp. 46–51. (in Russian)
  6. Dampilova, B.V., Doroshkevich, S.G., Smirnova, O.K., Fedotov, P.S. [Dynamic extraction of elements from soils of technogenic landscapes]. Geoekologiya, 2021, no. 3, pp. 88–94. (in Russian)
  7. Dampilova, B.V., Fedotov, P.S., Dzhenloda, R.Kh. et al. [Comparative study of methods for assessing the mobility of element forms in contaminated soils and technogenic sands under conditions of static and dynamic extraction]. Zhurnal analiticheskoi khimii, 2017, no. 10, vol. 72, pp. 944–951. (in Russian)
  8. Doroshkevich, S.G., Smirnova, O.K., Dampilova, B.V., Gaidashev, V.V. [Assessment of the state of soils and vegetation in Zakamensk (Buryatia): consequences of the Dzhidinsky tungsten-molybdenum plant operation]. Geoekologiya, 2016, no. 5, pp. 369–383. (in Russian)
  9. Dyachenko, A.N., Ivankov, S.I., Kraidenko, R.I. et al. [Technology of beneficiation of stale tailings of tungsten-containing sands]. Izvestiya vuzov. Fizika, 2014, vol. 57, no. 11, pp. 245–248. (in Russian)
  10. Zaitseva, N.V., Mai, I.V., Klein, S.V. et al. [Scientific and methodological aspects and practical experience in the formation of evidence base for harm to public health in the zone of influence of waste from past economic activity]. Gigiena i sanitariya, 2017, no. 1, vol. 96, pp. 1038–1044. (in Russian)
  11. Ivanov, D.V., Valiev, V.S., Ziganshin, I.I. et al. [Structural relationship of granulometric composition, organic matter content and heavy metals in bottom sediments]. Rossiiskii zhurnal prikladnoi ekologii, 2020, no. 2, pp. 23–30. (in Russian)
  12. Klein, S.V., Vekovshinina, S.A., Balashov, S.Yu., Kokoulina, A.A. [Spatial analysis in the problem of forming evidence base of harm to health under the influence of environmental factors]. Zdorov’e naseleniya i sreda obitaniya –ZNISO, 2017, no. 10, pp. 9–13. (in Russian)
  13. Krasavtseva, E.A. [Geoecological assessment of the impact of rare metal ore beneficiation waste on the environment (by the example of Lovozerskii GOK)]. Extended abstract of Cand. Sci. (Techn.) Diss., Moscow, 2022, 26 p. (in Russian)
  14. Krasavtseva, E.A., Maksimova, V.V., Masloboev, V.A. et al. [Modeling of the interaction of fine fraction of loparite ore beneficiation tailings with soil waters]. Ekologiya i promyshlennost’ Rossii, 2021, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 28–33. (in Russian)
  15. Krupskaya, L.T., Orlov, A.M., Golubev, D.A. et al. [Assessment of the environmental hazard of accumulated waste from processing of mineral raw materials at closed mining enterprises in the Amur region and Primorye]. Gornye nauki i tekhnologii, 2020, no. 3, vol. 5, pp. 208–223. (in Russian)
  16. Kulikova, E.V., Gorbunova, N.S., Saneeva, Yu.N. [Geochemical features of HM behavior in technogenic landscapes]. Modeli i tekhnologii prirodoobustroistva (regional’nyi aspekt), 2023, no. 1, pp. 37–43. (in Russian)
  17. Pavlova, L.M. [The influence of different methods of mining gold deposits on the biogeochemical mobility of chemical elements (by the example of deposits in the Amur region)]. Problemy regional’noi ekology, 2022, no. 6, pp. 14–20. (in Russian)
  18. Panov, A.V., Trapeznikov, A.V., Korzhavin, A.V. et al. [Heavy metals and arsenic in soils of the location area of industrial enterprises and nuclear power plants (on the example of the Beloyarsk NPP)]. Izvestiya Tomskogo Polytekhnicheskogo Universiteta. Inzhiniring resursov, 2022, no. 7, vol. 333, pp. 126–136. (in Russian)
  19. Polyak, Yu.M., Shigaeva, T.D., Kudryavtseva, V.A., Konakov, V.G. [Influence of grain-size distribution of sediments on the mobility and toxicity of heavy metals in the coastal zone of the gulf of Finland]. Voprosy ekologii, 2017, no. 1, pp. 11–18. (in Russian)
  20. Putilina, V.S., Galitskaya, I.V., Yuganova, T.I. [Behavior of arsenic in soils, rocks and groundwater. Transformation, adsorption / desorption, migration]. Novosibirsk, GPNTB SO RAN, 2011. 249 p. (in Russian)
  21. Radomskaya, V.I., Pavlova, L.M. [Assessment of the mobility degree of elements in technogenic soils of tailings dump at the Tokur gold extraction plant based on the results of model experiments]. Razedka i okhrana nedr, 2019, no. 6, pp. 55–63. (in Russian)
  22. Rakovskaya, E.G., Rudov, M.E., Prokhorov, A.S. [Study of soil pollution with heavy metals]. Vestnik MANEB, 2020, no. 1, vol. 25, pp. 13–17. (in Russian)
  23. Ryl’nikova, M.V., Radchenko, D.N., Tsupkina, M.V., Kirkov, A.E. [Assessment of the impact of technogenic formations from the multicomponent ore processing waste on the ecosystems in mining regions]. Izvestiya Tul’skogi gos. universiteta. Nauki o Zemle, 2020, no. 3, pp. 5–17. (in Russian)
  24. [SanPiN 1.2.3685-21. Hygienic standards and requirements for ensuring the safety and (or) harmlessness of environmental factors for humans. p. IV. Soil of populated areas and agricultural lands. Maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) and approximately permissible concentrations (APC) of chemicals in the soil]. Moscow, Tsentrmag Publ., 2021, 736 p. (in Russian)
  25. Smirnova, O.K., Plyusnin, A.M. [Dzhidinskii ore district (environmental issues)]. Ulan-Ude, BNTs SO RAN, 2013, 181 p. (in Russian)
  26. Tsydypov, V.V., Zhamsueva, G.S., Zayakhanov, A.S. et al. [The influence of technogenic sands from the tailings of the Dzhidinskii tungsten-molybdenum plant on the content of fine and submicron aerosol fractions in the atmosphere of the city of Zakamensk]. Uspekhi sovremennogo estestvoznaniya, 2019, no. 4, pp. 81–86. (in Russian)
  27. Shartova, N.V., Enkh-Amgalan, S., Malkhazova, S.M. [Population health in urbanized territories of the Republic of Buryatia and Mongolia]. Geografiya i prirodnye resursy, 2019, no. 5, pp. 192–196. (in Russian)
  28. Yanin, E.P. [Features of the distribution of chemical elements in various granulometric fractions of atmospheric aerosol]. Ekologicheskaya ekspertiza, 2021, no. 3, pp. 104–117. (in Russian)
  29. Falta, T., Limbeck, A., Koellensperger, G., Hann, S. Bioaccessibility of selected trace metals in urban PM2.5 and PM10 samples: a model study. Analytical and Bioan analytical Chemistry, 2008, vol. 390, pp. 1149–1157.
  30. Martin, R., Dowling, K., Pearce, D.C. et al. Size-dependent characterisation of historical gold mine wastes to examine human pathways of exposure to arsenic and other potentially toxic elements. Environ Geochem Health, 2016, no. 5, vol. 38, pp. 1097–1114.
  31. Tessier, A., Campbell, P., Bisson, M. Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of the particulate trace metals. Anal. Chem., 1979, vol. 51, pp. 844–851.
  32. Whalley, C., Granvol, A. Assessment of the phase selectivity of the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure for metals in sediment. Analytica Chimica Acta, 1994, vol. 61, pp. 2211–2221.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
Action
1. JATS XML
Download
2. Fig. 1. Space image of the territory of tailing ponds (2010): I - bulk, II - reclaimed (hydraulic dump), III - emergency.

Download (422KB)
Indexing metadata
3. Fig. 2. Scheme of the reclamation of the tailings dump. 1 - dam (a) and its core (b); 2-4 - varieties of tailings material: 2 - coarse-, medium-grained sands, 3 - fine-, fine-grained sands, silty sediments (dusty sands), 4 - fine-grained sands, silty sediments (silts); 5 - aquifer; 6 - boundary of lithological differences.

Download (317KB)
Indexing metadata
4. Fig. 3. Distribution diagram of ion-exchange forms of Cu, Zn, Pb in anthropogenic sands of the DVMK tailing dump by particle size distribution.

Download (133KB)
Indexing metadata

Copyright (c) 2024 Russian Academy of Sciences

Согласие на обработку персональных данных с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика»

1. Я (далее – «Пользователь» или «Субъект персональных данных»), осуществляя использование сайта https://journals.rcsi.science/ (далее – «Сайт»), подтверждая свою полную дееспособность даю согласие на обработку персональных данных с использованием средств автоматизации Оператору - федеральному государственному бюджетному учреждению «Российский центр научной информации» (РЦНИ), далее – «Оператор», расположенному по адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А, со следующими условиями.

2. Категории обрабатываемых данных: файлы «cookies» (куки-файлы). Файлы «cookie» – это небольшой текстовый файл, который веб-сервер может хранить в браузере Пользователя. Данные файлы веб-сервер загружает на устройство Пользователя при посещении им Сайта. При каждом следующем посещении Пользователем Сайта «cookie» файлы отправляются на Сайт Оператора. Данные файлы позволяют Сайту распознавать устройство Пользователя. Содержимое такого файла может как относиться, так и не относиться к персональным данным, в зависимости от того, содержит ли такой файл персональные данные или содержит обезличенные технические данные.

3. Цель обработки персональных данных: анализ пользовательской активности с помощью сервиса «Яндекс.Метрика».

4. Категории субъектов персональных данных: все Пользователи Сайта, которые дали согласие на обработку файлов «cookie».

5. Способы обработки: сбор, запись, систематизация, накопление, хранение, уточнение (обновление, изменение), извлечение, использование, передача (доступ, предоставление), блокирование, удаление, уничтожение персональных данных.

6. Срок обработки и хранения: до получения от Субъекта персональных данных требования о прекращении обработки/отзыва согласия.

7. Способ отзыва: заявление об отзыве в письменном виде путём его направления на адрес электронной почты Оператора: info@rcsi.science или путем письменного обращения по юридическому адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А

8. Субъект персональных данных вправе запретить своему оборудованию прием этих данных или ограничить прием этих данных. При отказе от получения таких данных или при ограничении приема данных некоторые функции Сайта могут работать некорректно. Субъект персональных данных обязуется сам настроить свое оборудование таким способом, чтобы оно обеспечивало адекватный его желаниям режим работы и уровень защиты данных файлов «cookie», Оператор не предоставляет технологических и правовых консультаций на темы подобного характера.

9. Порядок уничтожения персональных данных при достижении цели их обработки или при наступлении иных законных оснований определяется Оператором в соответствии с законодательством Российской Федерации.

10. Я согласен/согласна квалифицировать в качестве своей простой электронной подписи под настоящим Согласием и под Политикой обработки персональных данных выполнение мною следующего действия на сайте: https://journals.rcsi.science/ нажатие мною на интерфейсе с текстом: «Сайт использует сервис «Яндекс.Метрика» (который использует файлы «cookie») на элемент с текстом «Принять и продолжить».