Justification for the Creation of a Protected Zone of the Nature Park “Teriberka” (Murmansk Region)

The Teriberka Nature Park was created in the Murmansk Region in 2021 to preserve rare species and natural territorial complexes and promote the development of civilized forms of nature (ecological) tourism. It occupies an area of 2,418.5 hectares. The territory is experiencing a strong anthropogenic impact, especially recreational. In 2022, the tourist flow to the Teriberka Settlement amounted to at least 60 ,000 people, of which almost 40 ,000 people visited of the Natural Park; in 2023, the park was visited by 130 thousand people. In the process of formal procedures (including agreement with the authorities and business entities, as well as consultations with local residents), a number of sozologically valuable sites were excluded from the boundaries of the Natural Park. 18 species of plants, lichens and animals, listed in the Red Book of the Murmansk Region are registered within the boundaries of the Natural Park; 27 species were registered in the area. Thus, the localities of species listed in the Red Books, located within the boundaries of the village of Teriberka and in areas of economic facilities, were completely excluded. The creation of a buffer zone of the Teriberka Nature Park is substantiated as one of the possible effective mechanisms for solving environmental and ecotourism problems in intensively developed territories with a large number of land users. This step will qualitatively improve the living conditions of the local population, limiting the negative consequences of the presence of numerous tourists here and will help to ensure the landscape and architectural unity of new and reconstructed buildings with the historically established environment.