Landscape and Ecological Analysis of the Territory of the Surgut District of Khmao-Yugra

Abstract

—The landscape and environmental analysis was carried out on the example of the Surgut district of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, where the main factor in the degradation of natural objects is pollution of the territory as a result of mining, which accounts for up to 80% of emissions. Landscape provinces as nodal geosystems were used for the analysis. A general structural and morphological assessment of landscapes, an assessment of unfavorable ecological and geographical processes, anthropogenic transformation and ecological infrastructure of landscapes were carried out, and ecologically significant factors of the territory were identified. As a result of the conducted research, a map was compiled reflecting the spatial differentiation of the state of landscape provinces, taking into account anthropogenic impact. It has been established that the best landscape and ecological well-being is possessed by the southern territory of the district (Yugansk-Laryegan province), which is characterized by the containment of anthropogenic activity due to the creation of the Yugansk Nature Reserve. The Vandras-Yugan province serves as a buffer between anthropogenic and least modified natural landscapes, occupying an intermediate position in the assessment. The central part of the Surgut district received the most massive "blow" to the landscapes, as the main transport routes, pipelines, and residential settlements are concentrated here. The northern part of the Surgut district is characterized by waterlogging processes, a high degree of overgrowth and an average degree of transformation of natural landscapes.