Jadeitite in metalherzolite of the El’denyr Massif, Chukotka: Mechanism and setting of its formation

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Abstract

The paper presents the first data on the petrography, mineralogy, and geochemistry of jadeitites from the El’denyr massif, Chukotka, Russia, as well as host metalherzolites and amphibolite inclusions in the jadeitites. The jadeitite is composed of an association of jadeite, omphacite, analcime, and pectolite with a Ba-Ti-Si accessory mineral. The host metalherzolite is made of an association of olivine, antigorite, diopside, chlorite, ferrite-chromite, chromium magnetite, and accessory awaruite, heazlewoodite, and pentlandite. The jadeitite contains inclusions with a relict coarse-grained hypidiomorphic-granular texture, which are considered to be relics of the metasomatized protolith of the jadeitite. This protolith was probably high-temperature hydrothermal diopsidite. The inclusions show local recrystallization of primary diopside to aegirine-augite and pseudomorphic development of a fine-grained aggregate of amphiboles (several generations of richterite, actinolite, magnesiokatophorite, K-richterite, and eckermannite), omphacite, pectolite, analcime, phlogopite, accessory maucherite and heazlewoodite after diopside/aegirine-augite and an associated unidentified mineral. The protolith was transformed in several stages before the onset of jadeite crystallization, and these transformations included metasomatic recrystallization and a complete change in its texture. During the last stage, crystallization of the euhedral concentrically zoned jadeite with analcime and pectolite from fluid was accompanied by the recrystallization and dissolution of the last reworked relics of the protolith represented by high-calcium omphacite in microgranular omphacite-jadeite aggregates of jadeitite. The formation of jadeitites and the accompanying metamorphism of the host lherzolites occurred at 500°C and 8.5 kbar, which corresponds to P–T conditions typical of the metamorphism of mantle wedge peridotites in the "warm" subduction regime. The presence of jadeites in the El'denyr massif and high-pressure metamorphic rocks in the Ust’-Belaya massif, which were studied previously, allows us to consider the Ust’-Belaya terrane as a mélange of a subduction zone active in the Early–Middle Triassic that was deformed and disintegrated during its subsequent exhumation in the Cretaceous.

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B. A. Bazylev

Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: bbazylev@rambler.ru

доктор геолого-минералогических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Russian Federation, Moscow

Galina V. Ledneva

Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: bazylev@geokhi.ru

кандидат геолого-минералогических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Simplified scheme of the geological structure of the Ust-Belsky and northern Algan Mountains (Ledneva et al., 2012); compiled using original data and based on the materials of (Aleksandrov, 1978; Nekrasov et al., 2001; Sokolov et al., 2003). 1 - autochthon, volcanogenic-sedimentary deposits of the Algan zone (Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous); 2-6 - allochthon; 2 - sedimentary deposits (Upper Jurassic - Lower Cretaceous), 3 - limestones (Lower Carboniferous), volcanogenic and terrigenous deposits (Middle - Upper Devonian); 4, 5 - rocks of the Ust-Belsky and Eldenyrsky massifs, including 4 - restitic and cumulative (undivided) ultramafic rocks and ophiolitic mélanges of unknown age, 5 - mainly gabbroids (Late Riphean, Vendian-Cambrian boundary); 6 - neoautochthon, sedimentary strata and molasses (Cenomanian, Oligocene-Miocene); 7 - inferred thrust separating the autochthon and allochthon formations; 8 - large faults; 9 - stratigraphic contacts. The sampling locations of jadeitite and previously studied (Ledneva et al., 2019) high-P metamorphic rocks are marked with arrows: 1 - sample EL8-78, jadeitite, 2 - sample UB8-13, garnet amphibolite, 3 – sample UВ7-60, albite-zoisite-paragonite-pargasite rock. The inset shows the position of the Ust-Belsky terrane on the tectonic zoning scheme of the region (Sokolov, 2003); the location of ophiolite complexes and mélanges is given according to (Markov et al., 1982): 1 – Paleogene–Quaternary sediments of the cover, 2–5 – terranes with prevalence of complexes: 2 – island-arc, 3 – accretionary prisms, 4 – oceanic, including volcanic arcs, 5 – terrigenous; 6 – ultramafic-mafic complexes, mainly ophiolites and mélanges; 7 – strike-slip faults; 8 – thrust faults. Terranes: UB – Ust-Belsky, GA – Ganychalansky, AM – Ainynsko-Mainitsky, AL – Algansky, VL – Velikorechensky, MA – Mainitsky, AV – Alkatvaamsky, EK – Ekonaisky, YAN – Yanranaisky, UK – Ukelayatsky and OL – Olyutorsky; OCHVP – Okhotsk-Chukotka volcanic belt.

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3. Fig. 2. Structure of jadeitite and inclusions in it: (a, c) – in transmitted light; (b, d) – in polarized light; (d, e) – in backscattered electrons (BSE). The following abbreviations are used in this figure and in the text (Warr, 2021): Act – actinolite, Aeg-Aug – aegirine-augite, Anl – analcite, Atg – antigorite, Awr – awaruite, Di – diopside, Eck – eckermannite, Fchr – ferrite-chromite, Hzl – heazlewoodite, Jd – jadeite, K-Rct – K-bearing richterite, Mktp – magnesiokatophorite, Mag – magnetite, Muc – maucherite, Ol – olivine, Omp – omphacite, Pct – pectolite, Pn – pentlandite, Po – pyrrhotite, Px – pyroxene, Rct – richterite, Spl – spinel.

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4. Fig. 3. Details of the jadeitite structure (BSE): (a) – microgranular omphacite-jadeite aggregates in the fine-to-medium-grained jadeite-analcime-pectolite groundmass of jadeitite; (b) – prismatic pectolite grains in analcime; (c) – aggregate of euhedral concentrically zoned jadeite grains with analcime interstices growing on the microgranular omphacite-jadeite aggregate; (d) – microstructure of the omphacite-jadeite aggregate with visible resorption of omphacite grains; (d) – coarse prismatic omphacite grain with jadeite inclusions at the edge of the omphacite-jadeite aggregate; (e) – shape of accessory Ba-Ti-Si mineral precipitates.

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5. Fig. 4. Pyroxene compositions. Na-Omp and Ca-Omp from jadeitite, the rest from inclusions in jadeitite. Compositions of jadeites (not containing the aegirine component) are not plotted.

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6. Fig. 5. Relic structure of inclusion in jadeitite: (a, b) – large weakly replaced relics of diopside; (c–e) – “melanocratic” (MP) and “leucocratic” (LP) pseudomorphoses. (a, c, d) – in transmitted light, (d) – in polarized light, (b, e) – in BSE.

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7. Fig. 6. Compositions of amphiboles from inclusions in jadeitite.

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8. Fig. 7. The nature of diopside and aegirine-augite replacement: (a) – development of magnesiokatophorite grains and pectolite veinlets over diopside and aegirine-augite; (b) – diopside replacement by omphacite, pectolite, eckermannite, richterite; (c) – fragment of Fig. 7b; (d) – diopside replacement by pectolite, eckermannite, richterite, actinolite, phlogopite, omphacite. (a, b, c) – BSE images, (d) – element distribution map.

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9. Fig. 8. Structure of “melanocratic” pseudomorphs after diopside and aegirine-augite: (a) – pectolite-omphacite-amphibole pseudomorph with relics of aegirine-augite and amphibole idioblasts, on the left – “leucocratic” pseudomorph; (b) – richterite (top) and omphacite-richterite (center) pseudomorphoses, on the lower left – “leucocratic” pseudomorph; (c) – fragment of Fig. 8b, replacement of aegirine-augite by pectolite, omphacite and richterite; (d) – omphacite-richterite pseudomorphosis, on the right – “leucocratic” pseudomorph; (d) – fragment of Fig. 8g, relics of diopside in omphacite and omphacite in richterite; actinolite and richterite Rct1 in the cores of amphibole idioblasts; (e) – fragment of Fig. 8g, relics of diopside and Ca-omphacite in Na-omphacite; (g) – map of element distribution; (a–c, d–e) – images in BSE.

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10. Fig. 9. Structure of analcime-containing “melanocratic” pseudomorphs after diopside: (a) – “melanocratic” pseudomorph (Omp-Rct-Anl with relics of Act and Aeg-Aug), top left – “leucocratic” pseudomorph (K-Rct, Mktp, Rct, Act); (b) – fragment of Fig. 9a, zonal and non-zonal amphibole idioblasts in omphacite, partially replaced by analcime along cleavage; (c) – fragment of Fig. 9a, homoaxial pseudomorph of Na-omphacite with relics of aegirine-augite and Ca-omphacite, homoaxial richterite pseudomorph, zonal and non-zonal amphibole idioblasts, replacement of pseudomorphic omphacite and richterite by analcime; (g) – zonal idioblasts of amphiboles with Mktp and Rct1 in the cores; (a) – element distribution map; (b–d) – BSE images.

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11. Fig. 10. Structure of “leucocratic” pseudomorphs: (a) – amphibole pseudomorph with pectolite; (b) – amphibole-omphacitic pseudomorph; (c) – amphibole-omphacitic pseudomorph with analcime; (d) – amphibole-pectolite pseudomorph with analcime; (a) – element distribution map; (b–d) – BSE images.

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12. Fig. 11. Structure of the contact area of ​​the inclusion with jadeitite: (a) – in transmitted light; (b) – in polarized light; (c, d) – on element distribution maps; (d) – fragment of Fig. 11g, replacement of a large prismatic omphacite grain in the outer rim of the inclusion along cleavage with analcime and jadeite; (e) – fragment of Fig. 11g, an aggregate of small isometric omphacite grains with analcime interstices and veinlets in the area of ​​the outer rim of the inclusion between large prismatic omphacite grains; (d, f) – BSE images.

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13. Fig. 12. Structure of metalherzolite (sample EL8-77): (a) – partially recrystallized and replaced olivine, pseudomorphoses after pyroxenes and chrome-spinelides; (b) – chlorite (with antigorite) rim around replaced chrome-spinelide, diopside idioblasts and relics of recrystallized olivine in antigorite; (c) – diopside-antigorite-chlorite pseudomorphosis after pyroxene; (d) – replacement of olivine by antigorite along cleavage, relict areas of primary olivine; (d) – pseudomorph of Cr-magnetite with chlorite and antigorite laths after primary chrome-spinelide; (e) – fragment of Fig. 12e, ferrite-chromite precipitations in chromium magnetite. (b) – element distribution map, (a, c–e) – BSE images. Mineral abbreviations in brackets in Fig. 12a – substituted primary minerals.

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14. Fig. 13. Spectrum of rare element contents in jadeitite (sample EL8-78), normalized to the primitive mantle (McDonough, Sun, 1995). Composition field of jadeitites from Myanmar according to (Shi et al., 2008).

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7. Способ отзыва: заявление об отзыве в письменном виде путём его направления на адрес электронной почты Оператора: info@rcsi.science или путем письменного обращения по юридическому адресу: 119991, г. Москва, Ленинский просп., д.32А

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10. Я согласен/согласна квалифицировать в качестве своей простой электронной подписи под настоящим Согласием и под Политикой обработки персональных данных выполнение мною следующего действия на сайте: https://journals.rcsi.science/ нажатие мною на интерфейсе с текстом: «Сайт использует сервис «Яндекс.Метрика» (который использует файлы «cookie») на элемент с текстом «Принять и продолжить».