Vestnik Rossijskoj akademii nauk

The personnel shortage has historically been considered as one of the main obstacles to the development of Far Eastern science. The purpose of the study is to assess the personnel provision of science in the Far East. According to Scopus data for 2000–2021, 12,448 authors from this region were identified and indicators characterizing the dynamics of personnel, academic mobility, academic, university and other sectors of science, disciplinary specialization were calculated for them. Discrepancies were revealed between the data of state statistics and published researchers, which may indicate an incomplete realization of the personnel potential. It was shown that 87.6% of Far Eastern scientists did not work outside their city and only 2.6% have experience working abroad, and that migration negatively affects the personnel dynamics of the scientific sphere of the region.

The personnel of universities and research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences differs in experience and qualifications. The research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences have a higher proportion of experienced employees who publish more often in journals indexed in the Scopus database. At the same time, universities actively train new authors, thereby compensating for the attrition of Far Eastern authors. The average turnover of research personnel in 2016–2021 can be estimated at 28.9%. The scientific specialization of the Far East differs significantly from the all-Russian one in favor of earth sciences, environmental sciences, agriculture, and biology.

The information on the staffing of Far Eastern science provided by state statistics has been supplemented and expanded.

The article considers the challenges and problems of machine learning that arise in supercomputer mathematical modeling of real-world processes and phenomena. Currently, such modeling has become the main tool for obtaining fundamental and applied knowledge, as well as a condition for a significant increase in labor productivity and gross domestic product. The principles of modern predictive modeling based on high-performance computing, artificial intelligence and big data processing are described. The trends in the development of high-tech mathematical and software within the framework of integrated computing environments are analyzed; the latter imply a flexible expansion of the composition of the studied models and applied algorithms, the effective use of external products, adaptation to the evolution of computer platforms focused on a long life cycle. The methodology of machine learning based on the technological cycle is presented, which includes the formation and modification of models, the implementation of a computational experiment with the solution of direct and inverse problems, analysis of the results and decision-making on optimizing activities to achieve the goals.

As part of the implementation of the national project “Fight against oncological diseases”, modern anti-tumor drugs of targeted action are being actively introduced into the healthcare system of the Russian Federation. The use of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors in programmatic polychemotherapy of acute myeloid leukemias, based on genetic stratification, proved effective despite the epidemic risks caused by the pandemic of the COVID-19. In the context of the structural restructuring of healthcare due to the global infectious threat, the research data is discussed from the point of view of the transition to personalized medical services, which are provided at the expense of compulsory medical insurance.

Residents of megacities dream of improving the quality of life, environmental conditions, solving transport problems, and improving comfort and safety. Scientific and technological progress opens up opportunities for innovative development of the urban environment. At the same time, energy supply is becoming one of the key elements of the city of the future, because smart robotic systems will depend on its sustainability. The structure of the energy system and the organization of its operation determine energy costs, the amount of harmful emissions, rational methods of heat supply, and the degree of participation of consumer devices in load balancing. The existing projects of such cities have made it possible to test the viability of various solutions in practice and identify a number of limitations and problems. The directions of development of the energy complex listed in the article have identified aspects that need to be addressed today. It is important that the plans include flexibility and the possibility of expansion, which will ensure the introduction of innovations. Proper urban management, in turn, will help to balance the load on the energy system, and therefore reduce the overall cost of energy supply.

The article provides an overview of the books published in the series “Outstanding Scientists of the Urals” (editor-in-chief of the series is Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.N. Charushin); they are dedicated to outstanding nuclear scientists, members of the Academy of Sciences K.I. Shchyolkin, E.I. Zababakhin, B.V. Litvinov, L.P. Feoktistov, E.N. Avrorin. The books contain essays on the professional activities, social and personal lives of scientific leaders of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Technical Physics named after Academician E.I. Zababakhin, memoirs of colleagues, students and relatives, declassified documents, lifetime publications and interviews of the scientists themselves on socially significant topics, sketches of a memoir nature. The book series makes a significant contribution to the reconstruction of the history of the nuclear weapons complex of Russia, many pages of which remain terra incognita for the general public.

The article is dedicated to the memory of Academician Kirill Vladimirovich Simakov, a remarkable researcher who devoted his life to studying the stratigraphy of the North-East of Russia, created the theory of stratigraphic time and, on its basis, the methodology for determining chronostratigraphic boundaries. K.V. Simakov made an invaluable contribution to the theory of paleobiospheric time.