From the first to the third wave of COVID-19: dynamics of anxious behavior in large Russian cities (Moscow and Rostov-on-Don)

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has created the worst public health crisis in modern history. Stress in the face of the disease threat, a global restructuring of the common way of life, uncertainty and fears for the health and well-being of relatives and friends have led to an increase in anxiety among the population of all countries. Important risk factors for increased stress during the pandemic are sex, age, epidemiological experience, and place of residence. Large cities become centers of the spread of diseases due to the high population density, high mobility, and the presence of large transport hubs. The article examines the dynamics of anxious behavior during three waves of COVID-19 in 2020-2021, taking the cases of two largest Russian cities - Moscow and Rostov-on-Don (total sample - 4884 people). The analysis explains the regional and sex differences in anxious behavior and demonstrates the two main trends: on the one hand, there is an adaptation to the prolonged stress; on the other hand, the numbers of respondents with anxiety and depressive disorders are increasing, which may indicate the presence of post-traumatic stress.

About the authors

V. N Burkova

Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: burkovav@gmail.com
Moscow, Russia

M. L Butovskaya

Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences;Russian State University for the Humanities

Email: marina.butovskaya@gmail.com
Moscow, Russia

A. M Ermakov

Don State Technical University

Email: amermakov@ya.ru
Rostov-on-Don, Russia

References

  1. Буркова В.Н., Бутовская М.Л., Дронова Д.А., Апалькова Ю.И. Эмпатия, тревожность и агрессия у московских студентов // Этнографическое обозрение. 2019. № 5. С. 169-188. https://doi.org/10.31857/S086954150007385-3
  2. Буркова В.Н., Бутовская М.Л., Зинурова Р.И. Агрессия и тревожность до и во время COVID-19 (на основе опроса московских и казанских студентов) // Вопросы психологии. 2021. Т. 67. № 6. C. 65-77.
  3. Буркова В.Н. и др. Тревожность и агрессия во время COVID-19: на примере четырех регионов России // Сибирские исторические исследования. 2022. № 2. С. 132-158. https://doi.org/10.17223/2312461X/36/8
  4. Буркова В.Н., Бутовская М.Л. Коронафобия, инфодемия и фейки во время COVID-19 // Сибирские исторические исследования. 2023. № 2. С. 55-75. https://doi.org/:10.17223/2312461X/40/3
  5. Бутовская М.Л., Буркова В.Н. Стратегии поведения человека и биосоциальная адаптация к стрессу в условиях пандемии COVID-19: кросс-культурный подход // Антропология и этнология: современный взгляд / Отв. ред. А.В. Головнёв, Э.-Б.М. Гучинова. М.: Политическая энциклопедия, 2021. С. 463-476.
  6. Быховец Ю.В. Интенсивность информационного воздействия как психотравмирующий фактор ситуации вирусной угрозы // Психологический журнал. 2021. Т. 42. № 5. С. 72-83.
  7. Нестик Т.А. Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на общество: социально-психологический анализ // Социальная и экономическая психология. 2020. Т. 5. № 2. С. 47-83.
  8. Первичко Е.И. и др. Восприятие COVID-19 населением России в условиях пандемии 2020 года // Клиническая и специальная психология. 2020. Т. 9. № 2. С. 119-146.
  9. Спилбергер Ч.Д., Ханин Ю.Л. Исследование тревожности // Диагностика эмоционально-нравственного развития / Ред. И.Б. Дерманова. СПб.: Речь, 2002. С. 124-126.
  10. Тишков В.А., Бутовская М.Л., Степанов В.В. Общество и государство в России и мире в период эпидемии коронавируса // Вестник РАН. 2022. Т. 92. № 8. С. 790-802.
  11. Феденок Ю.Н., Буркова В.Н. Социальное дистанцирование как альтруизм в условиях пандемии коронавируса: кросс-культурное исследование // Сибирские исторические исследования. 2020. № 2. С. 6-40.
  12. Юревич А.В., Ушаков Д.В., Юревич М.А. COVID-19: результаты третьего экспертного опроса // Психологический журнал. 2021. Т. 42. № 3. С. 128-136.
  13. Bendau A. et al. Longitudinal Changes in Anxiety and Psychological Distress, and Associated Risk and Protective Factors in the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany // Brain and Behavior. 2020. Vol. 11. No. 2. e01964. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.1964
  14. Burkova V.N. et al. Predictors of Anxiety in the COVID-19 Pandemic from a Global Perspective: Data from 23 Countries // Sustainability. 2021. Vol. 13. 4017. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13074017
  15. Burkova V.N. et al. Factors Associated with Highest Symptoms of Anxiety during COVID-19: Cross-Cultural Study of 23 Countries // Frontier Psychology. 2022. Vol. 13. 805586. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.805586
  16. Bridgland V.M.E. et al. Why the COVID-19 Pandemic is a Traumatic Stressor // PLoS ONE. 2021. Vol. 16. e0240146.
  17. Delpino F.M. et al. Prevalence of Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of over 2 million People // Journal of Affective Disorders. 2022. Vol. 318. P. 272-282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.003
  18. Donnik I.M. et al. Coronavirus Infections of Animals: Future Risks to Humans // Biology Bulletin. 2021. Vol. 48. P. 26-37. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359021010052
  19. Dragioti E. et al. A Large-Scale Meta-Analytic Atlas of Mental Health Problems Prevalence during the COVID-19 Early Pandemic // Journal of Medical Virology. 2022. Vol. 94. No. 5. P. 1935-1949. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.27549
  20. Fruehwirth J.C., Biswas S., Perreira K.M. The Covid-19 Pandemic and Mental Health of First-Year College Students: Examining the Effect of COVID-19 Stressors Using Longitudinal Data // PLoS ONE. 2021. Vol. 16 (3). e0247999. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247999
  21. Jia H. et al. National and State Trends in Anxiety and Depression Severity Scores Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2020-2021 // MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2021. Vol. 70. No. 40. P. 1427-1432. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7040e3
  22. Karatzias T. et al. Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Associated Comorbidity During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ireland: A Population-Based Study // Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2020. Vol. 33. P. 365-370. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.22565
  23. Kowal M. et al. Who is The Most Stressed during the COVID-19 Pandemic? Data from 26 Countries and Areas // Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being. 2020. Vol. 12. No. 4. P. 946-966.
  24. Liu C.H. et al. Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety, and PTSD Symptomatology During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Clinical Implications for U.S. Young Adult Mental Health // Psychiatry Research. 2020. Vol. 290. No. 113172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113172
  25. Mathew B.J. et al. Laboratory Diagnosis of COVID-19: Current Status and Challenges // Iranian Journal of Microbiology. 2021. Vol. 13. No. 1. Р. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v13i1.5485
  26. Mækelæ M.J. et al. Perceived Efficacy of COVID-19 Restrictions, Reactions and Their Impact on Mental Health During the Early Phase of the Outbreak in Six Countries // Royal Society Open Science. 2020. Vol. 7 (8). No. 200644. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200644
  27. Nagarajan R., Krishnamoorthy Y., Basavarachar V., Dakshinamoorthy R. Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Survivors of Severe COVID-19 Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis // Journal of Affective Disorders. 2022. Vol. 15. No. 299. P. 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.040
  28. Parkerson H.A. et al. Cultural-Based Biases of the GAD-7 // Journal of Anxiety Disorder. 2015. Vol. 31. P. 38-42.
  29. Pashazadeh Kan F. et al. A Systematic Review of the Prevalence of Anxiety among the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic // Journal of Affective Disorder. 2021. Vol. 293. P. 391-398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.06.073
  30. Santomauro D.F. et al. Global Prevalence and Burden of Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in 204 Countries and Territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 Pandemic // The Lancet. 2021. Vol. 398. P. 1700-1712. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02143-7
  31. Sarangi A., Javed S., Karki K., Kaushal A. COVID-19-Associated PTSD in the Elderly-Lessons Learned for the Next Global Pandemic // Middle East Current Psychiatry. 2021. Vol. 28. No. 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43045-021-00119-3
  32. Spitzer R.L., Kroenke K., Williams J.B.W., Lowe B. A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder // Archive of Internal Medicine. 2006. Vol. 166. No. 10. P. 1092-1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
  33. Twenge J.M., Joiner T.E. U.S. Census Bureau-Assessed Prevalence of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in 2019 and during the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic // Depression and Anxiety. 2020. Vol. 37. No. 10. P. 954-956. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.23077
  34. Wang C. et al. Immediate Psycho- Logical Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic Among the General Population in China // International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health. 2020. Vol. 17. No. 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051729
  35. Yuan K. et al. Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Infectious Disease Pandemics in the Twenty-First Century, Including COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review // Molecular Psychiatry. 2021. Vol. 26. P. 4982-4998. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-021-01036-x
  36. Zemtsov S.P., Baburin V.L. Risks of Morbidity and Mortality during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Russian Regions // Population and Economics. 2020. Vol. 16. No. 4 (158). https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e54055
  37. Zimina S.N. et al. Changes in the Anxiety of Moscow Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic // Collegium antropologicum. 2022. Vol. 46 (1). P. 15-20. https://doi.org/10.5671/ca.46.1.3

Copyright (c) 2023 Russian Academy of Sciences

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies