Vol 59, No 2 (2016)

Improvements during 2013–2014 in the National Primary Special Standard for the Unit of Length in the Domain of Measuring Deviations from Straightness and Flatness, GET 130-80, are discussed. The structure of the standard, its operating principle, and its metrological characteristics are described. Information is provided on international comparisons.

The shortcomings of modern metrological support for testing of complex dynamic systems are examined. A nontraditional approach to the evaluation of measurement results with experimental data represented by image-remainders is proposed.

A device for determining the angular velocity vector of a moving object as part of an inertial-satellite navigation system without gyroscopes and a system for receiving data from navigation satellites are proposed. A multimodel artificial neural network with a nucleus-free mechanism for adjusting the synaptic coefficients is used to integrate these systems. The results of a numerical simulation are presented.

An inverse problem of approximation is formulated for the example of a third-degree polynomial transformation function. It is shown that in many cases the given problem is incorrect because of the violation of the uniqueness of the existing solution. An analytical solution of the problem is constructed. This solution is compared with Newton’s numerical method in order to fi nd roots that show the natural regularity of the inverse approximation problem.

Issues are examined related to the improvement of State Primary Special Standard GET 148–2013, for units of pulsed electric and magnetic field strength having a pulse leading-edge duration in the range from 0.1 to 10.0 nsec, as well as the improvement of secondary standards. The goal of the improvement is to provide metrological assurance of devices intended to measure the parameters of pulsed electric and magnetic fields of natural and artificial origin in the range up to 1 MV/m with a pulse leading-edge time not exceeding 100 psec.

The characteristics of magnetomodulation sensors of magnetic flux density with autoparametric amplification of the signal in amorphous ferromagnetic cores are considered. It is shown that, by comparison with ferromagnetic probes (fluxgate devices), such sensors possess a lower level of magnetic noise at low frequencies, though greater zero instability in the measurement of a static magnetic field. Ways of improving the metrological characteristics of the sensors are proposed.

A new passive method of preserving a water line verge based on detecting pressure oscillations in a field of the inhomogeneous pressure wave that arises in the streamlining of a body moving in water is considered. A feature of a wave, understood as a zone of local pressures, is the fact that it is sharply limited in space together with the body, which makes it possible to clearly monitor the zone of pressure variations.

Results from the development and investigation of an angle examiner constructed on the base of a Fizeau multibeam interferometer are presented. The examiner possesses a range of reproduction of angles to ±600″. The random error of the measurements is not greater than 0.01″, with the systematic error not exceeding 0.01″. The examiner may be used for verification and calibration of precision electronic digital autocollimators.

An absolute calibration algorithm has been implemented using the two-plane method. Optical surface profile recovery error is analyzed using mathematical modeling and experimental data.

A method is proposed for estimating the uncertainty of recovering non-steady-state heat flows using thin-disc heat meters. The uncertainty arises from the outward flow of heat through the central thermocouple electrode. Results are presented for simulation experiments for different values of electrode length, diameter, and head-conduction factor.

A model is considered of a reference electric field strength transducer with a high-frequency connector. Strength measurement equations are obtained using the reference field and reference antenna methods. Relations are presented for expressing the effective length and resistance of a dipole antenna in terms of reflection and transmission factors, which may be measured with a circuit analyzer.

A method, measurement system, and hardware and software facilities are developed for studying the reliability of data reception and signal level in radio channels. This method can be used to test the wireless communication channels employed in smart devices for data measurement and transmission during manufacture. Studies are made of the wireless communication channels of batches of commercially produced smart devices. The dependence of the loss probability for a packet of data on the radio signal level is determined.

We examine two factors that should be considered when measuring parametric radiating antenna characteristics: nonlinear distortion in the receiver measurement path while receiving strong signals on the frequencies of the pump signal and the weak difference frequency signal; the need for measurements in the nonlinear interaction zone of the pump waves. We present a method of calculating a correction to convert the measured acoustic pressure in the far field.

The feasibility of using the diffraction peaks in x-ray emission spectra detected with energy dispersion for measuring the spacing between lattice planes in crystalline substances is demonstrated.