Antiviral and virucidal activity of sodium deoxyribonucleate and its complex with iron against viruses of different kingdoms and families

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Introduction. The urgent problem of modern medicine is the fight against acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). To combat ARVI, drugs of wide antiviral potency are needed, as well as immunomodulating drugs. Such antiviral and immunomodulatory effects has sodium deoxyribonucleate (DNA-Na) and its complex with iron (DNA-Na-Fe) developed on the basis of double-stranded DNA of natural origin.

Aim of the study: To assess antiviral and virucidal activity of DNA-Na and DNA-Na-Fe against viruses of different kingdoms and families.

Materials and methods. Antiviral and virucidal activity of DNA-Na and DNA-Na-Fe was assessed in cell cultures infected with viruses.

Results and discussion. DNA-Na and DNA-Na-Fe had antiviral activity against adenovirus at concentrations of 250–1000 mcg/ml. Antiviral effect of both drugs was not detected in case of poliovirus. DNA-Na and DNA-Na-Fe had antiviral activity against coronavirus in all administration schemes. EC50 for DNA-Na ~ 2500 mcg/ml, for DNA-Na-Fe ~ 1000 mcg/ml. In cells treated with DNA-Na-Fe, secretion of following pro–inflammatory cytokines was detected: Interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-18, interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-γ, as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL-4, IL-10, antagonist of IL-1 receptor. Evidently, DNA-Na and DNA-Na-Fe have antiviral effect, but mechanism of action does not seem to be associated with specific effect on viral replication. Presence of virucidal activity of drugs against representatives of Coronaviridae, Adenoviridae, Picornaviridae, Retroviridae, Herpesviridae in vitro test in range of 1.0–3.0 lg TCID50 was identified.

Conclusion. Presence of simultaneous antiviral and virucidal activity of DNA-Na and DNA-Na-Fe against adeno- and coronaviruses shows their prospects for prevention and treatment of ARVI.

About the authors

Dmitry N. Nosik

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: dnnosik@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5757-5671

Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Lyudmila B. Kalnina

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: klb3@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2702-8578

candidate biological sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Olga A. Lobach

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: victoriola@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9351-6433

candidate biological sciences, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Marina S. Chataeva

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: mschat@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5379-2406

researcher of the laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Elena V. Berezhnaya

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: elvenel@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1551-718X

junior researcher of the laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Marina S. Bochkova

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: bochkovams1@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9295-8379

candidate biological sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Irina A. Kiseleva

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: iakiseleva@ya.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3693-6081

candidate biological sciences, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Lyudmila M. Selimova

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Email: lselim@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3709-770X

doctor Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory antiviral and disinfectants

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

Nikolai N. Nosik

D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of National Reseach Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya

Author for correspondence.
Email: nosiknn@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1943-6536

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Virus Ontogeny

Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow

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Copyright (c) 2023 Nosik D.N., Kalnina L.B., Lobach O.A., Chataeva M.S., Berezhnaya E.V., Bochkova M.S., Kiseleva I.A., Selimova L.M., Nosik N.N.

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