Adaptation of the sheep pox virus (Poxviridae: Capripoxvirus: Sheeppox virus) to African green monkey kidney cell line and evaluation of its immunobiological properties

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Abstract

Introduction. Outbreaks of infectious diseases seriously hinder the preservation and increase of the number of small ruminants. Such infections include sheep pox virus (SPPV). According to the OIE data of 2021, SPP outbreaks were registered in countries such as Turkey, Israel, China, Maldives, Mongolia, Thailand, Russia, Algeria, Kenya, and in 2019 in Mangistau and Atyrau regions. In Kazakhstan annually conducts routine immunization of sheep at risk with a live attenuated vaccine produced by RIBSP.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was the vaccine strain of NISHI and the virulent strain A of the sheep pox virus. The virus was propagated in Vero cells. To determine the harmlessness and immunogenicity, sheep of the Kazakh fine-wool breed aged from 6 to 12 months were used. Virological, serological and immunobiological methods were used in the study.

Results. The results of the adaptation of the NISHI strain of SPPV to the Vero cell line are presented. Five passages in Vero cells resulted to the adaptation of the NISHI strain with the manifestation of a cytopathogenic effect specific to SPPV with a titer of 6.50 lg TCD50/ml. Following immunization, the formation of immunity was observed in animals on day 7 with an average protective titer 1.8 log2, which increased by day 21 to 4.33 log2.

Conclusion. It has been established that the NISHI strain of SPPV retains its virological and immunobiological properties during reproduction in a Vero cell line.

About the authors

Zhanat T. Amanova

Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Email: amanova-janka@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3987-6814

Master of Sciences (Biological), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Microorganism Cultivation Technology

Kazakhstan, 080409, Gvardeyskiy vill., Zhambyl region, Korday district

Zhanna Zh. Sametova

Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Email: sametova_zh.zh@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2332-2841

Master of Sciences (Biotechnological), Researcher, Laboratory of Microorganism Cultivation Technology

Kazakhstan, 080409, Gvardeyskiy vill., Zhambyl region, Korday district

Yerbol A. Bulatov

Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems of Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Author for correspondence.
Email: erbol_km@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8543-4219

сandidate of Sciences (Biological), head of the laboratory of Microorganism Cultivation Technology

Russian Federation, 080409, Gvardeyskiy vill., Zhambyl region, Korday district

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2. Fig. 1. Dynamics of accumulation of the NISHI strain in Vero cell culture. *Maximum virus titer. **Minimum virus titer.

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3. Fig. 2. Cytopathic action of the sheep pox virus on Vero cell culture: a – control culture of Vero cells; b – Vero cell culture infected with sheep pox virus.

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4. Fig. 3. Dynamics of rectal temperature of sheep immunized with the NISHI strain of the sheep pox virus.*Local reactions that appeared post immunization in 3 sheep were observed for 5 days.

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5. Fig. 4. Virus neutralizing antibody titers in sheep immunized with the NISHI strain compared to control animals.

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6. Fig. 5. Dynamics of changes in body temperature of sheep in experimental and control groups after control infection with virulent strain A of the SPP virus. The dotted line in the graph shows the upper limit of the normal body temperature; pp – peak pyrexia in control sheep; 1u – on day 9 post challenge one sheep in the control group was humanely euthanized due to the deterioration of the general condition. *The duration of local reactions that occurred after infection in sheep from the experimental and control groups.

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Copyright (c) 2022 Amanova Z.T., Sametova Z.Z., Bulatov Y.A.

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