Prevalence of human papillomavirus (Papillomaviridae; Human papillomavirus) of high carcinogenic risk based on the results of screening of three anatomical loci in men stratified by sexual behavior and HIV status

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Abstract

Introduction. Human papillomavirus (HPV) of high carcinogenic risk (HCR), in addition to being the etiological agent of cervical cancer, also contribute to development of cancer of the anus, vagina, penis, vulva and oropharyngeal cancer. In this connection, further study of the biological properties of this agent and its prevalence in different populations is an urgent task.

The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of HCR HPV in three anatomical loci in men stratified by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection status (negative, HIV+/positive/HIV–) as well as by sexual behavior: men who have sex with men (MSM), heterosexual men (HM).

Material and methods. The study included 256 men from Moscow and Moscow region: 73 МSМ/HIV+, 66 МSМ/ HIV–, 58 HM/HIV+, and 59 HM/HIV–. All men were tested for 14 HCR genotypes of HPV (16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68). Smears were taken from three anatomical loci: urethra, anus, oropharynx. Testing was preformed using real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR-RT).

Results. The highest prevalence of HCR HPV detection, regardless of the locus, was recorded for МSМ/HIV+ (82.2%), and the lowest for HM/HIV (20.3%). The highest detection of HCR HPV in scrapings of epithelial cells from anus was recorded for МSМ/HIV+ (79.5%). The highest incidence of this pathogen in oropharynx also was registered for МSМ/HIV+ (13.7%). The highest incidence of HCR HPV in scrapings of epithelial cells from urethra was recorded for HM/HIV+ (24%). The prevalence of HCR HPV among men was found to differ markedly depending on the anatomical locus, HIV status and sexual behavior.

Discussion. For the first time, there were obtained data on the prevalence of HCR HPV in men with different patterns of sexual behavior and HIV status in the Moscow region.

Conclusion. Screening for HCR HPV in male population based on the identification of 14 genotypes of the virus in three anatomical loci (urethra, oropharynx, anus) by PCR-RT will provide the information necessary to improve the system of epidemiological monitoring and proper planning of preventive measures among men with any risk factors for HPV persistence (presence of HIV infection and/or belonging to the MSM group). HPV screening algorithm development is required for men considering their HIV status and sexual behavior. We recommend testing for 14 HCR HPV genotypes in three loci (urethra, anus, oropharynx).

About the authors

A. A. Popova

FSBI «Central Research Institute for Epidemiology» of the Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor)

Author for correspondence.
Email: asya-med@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9484-5917

Anna A. Popova, Ph.D. (Med.), Senior Researcher of the Department of Specialized Research Laboratory for AIDS Epidemiology and Prevention

Moscow, 111123

Russian Federation

E. A. Domonova

FSBI «Central Research Institute for Epidemiology» of the Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor)

Email: fake@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8262-3938

Moscow, 111123

Russian Federation

A. V. Pokrovskaya

FSBI «Central Research Institute for Epidemiology» of the Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor); FSAEI HE «People’s Friendship University of Russia»

Email: fake@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2677-0404

Moscow, 111123
117198, Moscow

Russian Federation

O. Yu. Shipulina

FSBI «Central Research Institute for Epidemiology» of the Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor)

Email: fake@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4679-6772

Moscow, 111123

Russian Federation

V. V. Pokrovsk

FSBI «Central Research Institute for Epidemiology» of the Surveillance of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor)

Email: fake@neicon.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9514-7288

Moscow, 111123

Russian Federation

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Copyright (c) 2021 Popova A.A., Domonova E.A., Pokrovskaya A.V., Shipulina O.Y., Pokrovsk V.V.

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