Problems of specific prevention of African swine fever

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This review presents the current state of the problem of development and application of the specific prevention of African swine fever (ASF) with a brief description of its etiology and pathogenesis. The unique nature of the ASF virus (ASFV) determines some limitations and the complexity of solving the problem of vaccine development. Such situation stimulated the development of highly specific diagnostic methods for rapid and accurate detection of the ASFV. In this regard, results of studies, including our own, concerning the comparative analysis of the genome of vaccine and virulent strains of the ASFV, as well as immunodiagnostic approaches to determine causes of high virulence and low protective activity of the ASFV, are briefly presented. Special attention is given to the issue related to the development of safe and effective vaccines against ASF. In this context disadvantages and possible advantages of live attenuated (LAV) and recombinant (RV) vaccines are considered in details. Results of recent studies on the assessment of the immunogenicity of genetically modified vaccines (GMV) which developed in various laboratories around the world are presented. The obtained data indicate that ASF vaccination is currently the most promising measure to stop the spread of this disease in our country and in the world, however, previous experience with ASF vaccination has revealed some problems in its development and application. The significant contribution of foreign researchers to the study of the basics of virulence of this pathogen and the study of its genes functions are noted. The possible further expansion of ASF in Europe and Asia in bordering Russia territories, as well as the established fact of the persistence of ASFV in wild boar population indicate a constant threat of its re-introduction into our country. In conclusion, the importance of developing a safe effective vaccine against ASF and the assessing of the possible risks of creating the artificial sources of the infection in nature as a result of its use is emphasized.

作者简介

Natalia Vlasova

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vlanany@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8707-7710

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Principal Research Scientist of the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

俄罗斯联邦, 109428, Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

Oleg Verkhovsky

Diagnostic and Prevention Research Institute for Human and Animal Diseases

Email: nfo@dpri.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0784-9341

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, President 

俄罗斯联邦, 123098, Moscow, Gamaleya str., 16, bld.2, 3

Taras Aliper

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: info@dpri.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2696-1363

Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Head of Swine Disease laboratory

俄罗斯联邦, 109428, Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

Olga Kapustina

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: olgakapustina2010@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7382-8656

Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Immunology Laboratory

俄罗斯联邦, 109428, Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

Konstantin Alekseev

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kkendwell@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9536-3127

PhD, Leading Researcher of the Immunology Laboratory

俄罗斯联邦, 109428, Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

Anton Yuzhakov

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: anton_oskol@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9354-6824

PhD, Head of the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

俄罗斯联邦, 109428 Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

Mikhail Gulyukin

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: gulyukin@viev.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7489-6175

Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, academic of the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of scientific direction

俄罗斯联邦, 109428, Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

Aleksey Gulyukin

Federal Scientific Center All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary named after the honorary K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: admin@viev.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2160-4770

Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Director

俄罗斯联邦, 109428, Moscow, Ryazansky prospect, 24, building 1

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