Professor Dmitry Panov: From Aviation to Informatics
- Authors: Krayneva I.A.1, Shilov V.V.2
-
Affiliations:
- A. P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
- Issue: Vol 44, No 1 (2023)
- Pages: 128-151
- Section: Materials for the Biographies of Scientists and Engineers
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0205-9606/article/view/126343
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S020596060024517-0
- ID: 126343
Abstract
The article is devoted to Dmitry Yurievich Panov (1904–1975), a mathematician who in the 1930s – 1970s worked for the leading Soviet research and education institutions in the defense and civil sectors. He was one of the pioneers in the aircraft industry, creation of anti-missile defense systems, digital computing technologies and their applications, and engineering psychology. He also developed data support systems for science. Undoubtedly, these were cutting-edge projects, new forms of higher education organization and management that he intuitively felt to be significant. Being an ingenious and creative person, encyclopedically educated and erudite, Panov had no difficulties in engaging in new areas of activities and, even if he had not made major breakthroughs in these areas, he became very well aware of new challenges and tried to organize the teams that were best fit to address the respective tasks. People like him – the erudites, organizers, and communicators – are very valuable for science, being vital in creating scientific environment and atmosphere, conducive to science growth and development. If scientific society is presented as a pyramid, people like Panov would be placed in its central part, forming the link between the base and the top. Our approach to studying Panov’s biography is based on three levels of narration: personal, socioprofessional, and contextual (historical). The sources included the materials from the departmental archives, Panov’s scientific publications, and the recollections of his former colleagues at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and the V. S. Semenikhin Research Institute of Automatic Equipment.
Keywords
Full Text
![Restricted Access](https://journals.rcsi.science/lib/pkp/templates/images/icons/text_lock.png)
About the authors
Irina A. Krayneva
A. P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Email: redakcia-viet@yandex.ru
Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Prospekt Akademika Lavrentieva, 6
Valery V. Shilov
National Research University “Higher School of Economics”
Author for correspondence.
Email: redakcia-viet@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2755-6917
Russian Federation, Moscow, Pokrovsky bulvar, 11
References
- Agafonov, D., Avinnikov, D., and Sorokin, A. (2021) “Rakety FAU-2 ne mogut byt’ porazheny sovremennymi sredstvami zashchity...” Kak Sovetskii Soiuz poluchil informatsiiu o sverkhsekretnoi natsistskoi programme [“V-2 Missiles Cannot Be Shot Down by Modern Defenses…” How the Soviet Union Got Information about a Top-Secret Nazi Program], Rodina, no. 2, pp. 123–130.
- Batygin, G. S., and Iarmoliuk, S. F. (eds.) (1999) Rossiiskaia sotsiologiia shestidesiatykh godov v vospominaniiakh i dokumentakh [Russian Sociology of the Sixties in Memoirs and Documents]. Sankt-Peterburg: Russkii khristianskii gumanitarnyi institut.
- Belkin, P. G., Emel’ianov, E. N., and Ivanov, M. A. (1987) Sotsial’naia psikhologiia nauchnogo kollektiva [Social Psychology of Scientific Group]. Moskva: Nauka.
- Belskaya, I. K. (1960) Machine Translation Methods and Their Application to an Anglo-Russian Scheme, in: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Information Processing, Paris 15–20 June 1959. Paris: UNESCO, pp. 199–217.
- Bibliografiia rabot D. Iu. Panova [Bibliography of D. Yu. Panov’s Works], https://u.to/JmkUHA.
- Buras, M. (2022) Lingvisty, prishedshie s kholoda [Linguists Who Came in from the Cold]. Moskva: AST.
- Burtsev, V. S. (ed.) (2002) Sergei Alekseevich Lebedev. K 100-letiiu so dnia rozhdeniia osnovopolozhnika otechestvennoi vychislitel’noi tekhniki [Sergei Alekseevich Lebedev. In Commemoration of the Centenary of Birth of the Founder of Russian Computer Technology]. Moskva: FIZMATLIT.
- Chesnokov, S. V. (2001) “Mne interesen chelovek kak chelovek” [“I am Interested in a Person as a Human Being”], Sotsiologicheskii zhurnal, no. 2, pp. 63–122.
- Forsythe, G. E. (1958) D. J. Panow, Formelsammlung zur numerischen Behandlung partieller Differentialgleichungen nach dem Differenzenverfahren, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 1955, x + 134 p., 24 cm, Price DM 12, –, Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation, vol. 12, no. 64, pp. 311–313.
- Fragmenty besedy B. I. Pruzhinina i V. P. Zinchenko [Fragments of a Conversation Between B. I. Pruzhinin and V. P. Zinchenko] (2014), Voprosy filosofii, no. 6, pp. 3–9.
- Gutenmakher, L. I. (1960) Elektronnye informatsionno-logicheskie mashiny [Electronic InformationLogic Machines]. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo AN SSSR.
- Hutchins, J. (2004) The Georgetown-IBM Experiment Demonstrated in January 1954, in: Machine Translation: from Real Users to Research. 6th Conference of the Association for Machine Translation in the Americas, AMTA 2004. Berlin: Springer, pp. 102–114.
- Hutchins, J., and Lovtskii, E. (2000) Petr Petrovich Troyanskii (1894–1950): A Forgotten Pioneer of Mechanical Translation, Machine Translation, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 187–221.
- Iaroshevskii, M. G. (1978) Programmno-rolevoi podkhod k issledovaniiu nauchnogo kollektiva [Role-Playing Approach to the Study of Scientific Group], Voprosy psihologii, no. 3, pp. 40–53.
- Istoriia NII-1 [History of NII-1], http://kerc.msk.ru/predpijatie/история/.
- Karlov, N. V. (2006) Shershavym iazykom prikaza. Fiztekh. Arkhivnye dokumenty 1938–1952 gg. [With the Rough Tongue of the Order. Phystech. Archival Documents from 1938–1952]. Moskva.
- Karlov, N. V. (2007) Oni sozdavali Fiztekh [They Were Creating Phystech]. Moskva, iss. 2.
- Kraineva, I. A., Pivovarov, N. Iu., and Shilov, V. V. (2016) Sovetskaia vychislitel’naia tekhnika v kontekste ekonomiki, obrazovaniia i ideologii (konets 1940-kh – seredina 1950-kh gg.) [Soviet Computer Engineering in the Context of Economy, Education and Ideology (Late 1940s – Mid-1950s)], Idei i idealy, vol. 1, no. 4 (30), pp. 135–155.
- Kraineva, I. A., Pivovarov, N. Iu., and Shilov, V. V. (2016) Stanovlenie sovetskoi nauchnotekhnicheskoi politiki v oblasti vychislitel’noi tekhniki (konets 1940-kh – seredina 1950-kh gg.) [Development of Soviet Science and Technology Policy in the Field of Computer Engineering (Late 1940s – Mid-1950s)], Idei i idealy, vol. 1, no. 3 (29), pp. 118–135.
- Malinovskii, B. N. (1995) Istoriia vychislitel’noi tekhniki v litsakh [History of Computer Engineering in Persons]. Kiev: Firma “KIT”, PTOO “A. S. K”.
- Martin, Dzh. (Martin, J.) (1975) Programmirovanie dlia vychislitel’nykh sistem real’nogo vremeni [Programming Real-Time Computer Systems]. Moskva: Nauka.
- Mol’bert matematika [Mathematician’s Easel] (1963), Vecherniaia Moskva, September 17.
- Nauka li kibernetika? [Is Cybernetics a Science?] (1957), Znanie – sila, no. 3, pp. 47–48.
- Obodan, E. (1951) Vychislitel’nuiu tekhniku – na sluzhbu tekhnicheskomu progressu [To Put Computer Technology in the Service of Technical Progress], Izvestiia, August 28, p. 2.
- Panov, D. (1956) On the Problem of Mechanical Translation, Mechanical Translation, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 42–43.
- Panov, D. (1960) Introductory Speech, in: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Information Processing, Paris 15–20 June 1959. Paris: UNESCO, pp. 159–161.
- Panov, D. Iu. (1932) Schetnaia lineika [Slide Rule]. Moskva and Leningrad: Gostekhteorizdat.
- Panov, D. Iu. (1954) Perevod s odnogo iazyka na drugoi pri pomoshchi mashiny. Otchet o pervom uspeshnom ispytanii. Referat № 5293 [Machine Translation from one Language to Another. The First Successful Trial Report. Abstract no. 5293], Referativnyi zhurnal “Matematika”, no. 10, pp. 75–76.
- Panov, D. Iu. (1969) I. K. Bel’skaia i ee issledovaniia po algoritmu avtomaticheskogo lingvisticheskogo analiza [I. K. Bel’skaia and Her Research on the Algorithm for Automatic Linguistic Analysis], in: Bel’skaia, I. K. Iazyk cheloveka i mashina [Human Language and a Machine]. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo MGU, pp. 5–17.
- Panov, D. Iu. (1969) Ispol’zovanie otsenok ekspertov dlia kolichestvennykh prognozov: obzor [Using Expert Estimates for Quantitative Forecasting: A Review]. Moskva.
- Panov, D. Iu. (ed.) (1959) Perevodnaia mashina P. P. Troianskogo. Sbornik materialov o perevodnoi mashine dlia perevoda s odnogo iazyka na drugie, predlozhennoi P. P. Troianskim v 1933 g. [P. P. Troyanskii’s Translating Machine: Collected Materials on a Translating Machine for Translating from One Language into Others]. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo AN SSSR.
- Panov, D. Iu., and Zinchenko V. P. (eds.) (1964) Inzhenernaia psikhologiia. Sbornik perevodov [Industrial Psychology. A Collection of Translations]. Moskva: Progress.
- Panov, D. Yu. (1960) Machine Translation and the Human Being, Impact of Science on Society, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 16–25.
- Panov, D. Yu. (1960) Automatic Translation. New York, London, Oxford and Paris: Pergamon Press.
- Panov, D., Lapounov, A., and Moukhine I. (1958) La traduction automatique, Recherches internationales à la lumière du marxisme, no. 7, pp. 162–193.
- Pospelov, D. A., and Fet, Ia. I. (eds.) (1998) Ocherki istorii informatiki v Rossii [Essays on the History of Informatics in Russia]. Novosibirsk: NITs OIGGM SO RAN.
- Postrichev, V. P., Shustov, I. G., and Rebikov, V. I. (2019) Aviaprom Rossii: ot mechty k podvigu (1910–1939) [The Aviation Industry of Russia: From a Dream to a Feat (1910–1939)]. Moskva: Aviaprom.
- Pystina, L. I., Uzbekova, Iu. I., Vydrina, O. V., and Seregin, O. V. (comp.) (2021) Nauka i uchenye v vostochnykh regionakh Rossii v usloviiakh mobilizatsionnoi paradigmy (1930-e – nachalo 1950-kh godov). Sbornik dokumentov [Science and Scientists in the Eastern Regions of Russia in the Conditions of the Mobilisation Paradigm (1930s – Early 1950s)]. Novosibirsk.
- Referat № 4254 [Abstract no. 4254] (1954) Referativnyi zhurnal “Matematika”, no. 7, p. 84.
- Referat № 5359 [Abstract no. 5359] (1954) Referativnyi zhurnal “Matematika”, no. 10, p. 86.
- Revich, Iu. V., and Shilov, V. V. (2017) Sovetskaia vychislitel’naia tekhnika v nepublichnykh otsenkakh sovremennikov [Soviet Computer Technology in Non-Public Opinions of Contemporaries], in: Tomilin, A. N. (ed.) Sbornik trudov SoRuCOM-2017. Chetvertaia Mezhdunarodnaia konferentsiia “Razvitie vychislitel’noi tekhniki v Rossii i stranakh byvshego SSSR: istoriia i perspektivy”. 3–5 oktiabria 2017 g., Moskva, Zelenograd [Proceedings of SoRuCom-2017. Fourth International Conference “Computer Technology in Russia and in the Former Soviet Union”. October 3–5, 2017, Moscow, Zelenograd]. Moskva: FGBOU VO “REU im. V. G. Plekhanova”, pp. 308–313.
- Shilov, V. V. (2012) Antikiberneticheskaia kampaniia 1952–1955 godov v litsakh [Anti-Cybernetics Campaign of 1950–1954 in Persons], in: Baturin, Yu. M., and Nazarov, A. G. (eds.) Institut istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki im. S. I. Vavilova. Godichnaia nauchnaia konferentsiia, posviashchennaia 80-letiiu IIET RAN [S. I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology. Annual Scientific Conference, Devoted to the 80th Anniversary of the IHST RAS]. Moskva: RTSoft, vol. 2, pp. 824–829.
- Shilov, V. V. (2014) Rify mifov: k istorii kibernetiki v Sovetskom Soiuze [The Reefs of the Myths: Towards the History of Cybernetics in the Soviet Union], in: Tomilin, A. N. (ed.) Trudy SoRuCom-2014. Tret’ia Mezhdunarodnaia konferentsiia “Razvitie vychislitel’noi tekhniki i ee programmnogo obespecheniia v Rossii i stranakh byvshego SSSR: istoriia i perspektivy”. 13–17 oktiabria, Kazanʼ, Rossiia [Proceedings of the SoRuCom-2014. Third International Conference on the History of Computers and Informatics in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation: History and Prospects. October 13–17, Kazan, Russia]. Kazan, pp. 394–401.
- Shilova, V. V., and Kitov, V. A. (eds.) (2020) Anatolii Ivanovich Kitov [Anatolii Ivanovich Kitov]. Moskva: MAKS Press.
- Smolian, G. L. (2017) V. P. Zinchenko i stanovlenie inzhenernoi psikhologii v SSSR [V. P. Zinchenko and the Making of Industrial Psychology in the USSR], Psikhologiia. Zhurnal Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki, no. 4, pp. 626–643.
- Sobolev, S. L., Kitov, A. I., and Liapunov, A. A. (1955) Osnovnye cherty kibernetiki [Basic Features of Cybernetics], Voprosy filosofii, no. 4, pp. 136–148.
- Sotsial’naia istoriia otechestvennoi nauki [Social History of National Science], http://www.ihst.ru/projects/sohist/document/vs1949pr.htm.
- Uilks, M., Uiler, D., and Gill, S. (Wilkes, M., Wheeler, D., and Gill, S.) (1953) Sostavlenie programm dlia elektronnykh schetnykh mashin [The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer]. Moskva: Izdatel’stvo inostrannoi literatury.
- Ushakov, I. A. Zapiski neinteresnogo cheloveka. Ch. 2 [Notes of an Uninteresting Person. Pt. 2], http://samlib.ru/u/ushakow_i_a/zapiskineinteresnogochelowekachastx2.shtml.
- Vek Lavrent’eva [The Century of Lavrentiev] (2000). Novosibirsk: Izdatel’stvo SO RAN.
- Velikhov, E. P., Kotov, A. A., Lektorskii, V. A., and Velichkovskii, B. M. (2018) Mezhdistsiplinarnye issledovaniia soznaniia: 30 let spustia [Interdisciplinary Consciousness Research: 30 Years After], Voprosy filosofii, no. 12, pp. 5–17.
- Zinchenko, V. P., and Panov, D. Iu. (1962) Uzlovye problemy inzhenernoi psikhologii [Key Issues in Industrial Psychology], Voprosy psikhologii, no. 5, pp. 15–30.
![](/img/style/loading.gif)