Том 43, № 4 (2016)

This paper outlines the range of problems solved by nanoinformatics, which is a newly originated discipline that combines the methods and tools for the propagation of data on nanomaterials as well as the instruments and technologies based on them. The specific features determined by the interdisciplinary character and rapid evolution of this knowledge area are summarized for the data on the properties of nanosized objects. The most-popular resources (databases, classifiers, and ontologies) on the properties of nanomaterials are presented. Some topical disproportions, which have occurred in nanoinformatics due to the predominant attention to nanomedicine at the expense of the traditional application fields of nanotechnologies, such as electronics and energetics, are pointed out. The general nanomaterial terminology and classification standards, which form a basis for the design of new databases and ontologies, are considered in detail. The CODATA (Committee on Data for Science and Technology) international standard for the universal description of a nanomaterial is proposed for use as the most advanced and universal approach to the solution of problems in nanoinformatics.

This paper analyzes the recently approved GOST R 7. 095–2015. Electronic Documents. Main Types, Output Information, and Technological Characteristics national standard that considers an electronic document as a component of librarian and archival funds, as well as formulating the signs that permit an electronic object to be attributed to the class of documents. The type of an electronic document determines its functionality, which in turn causes the technological requirements for the material implementation of the document (in particular, the requirements for formats). Due to the specificity of data processing in the electronic environment, an electronic document exists as many equivalent implementations and any work with it, including displaying, is the continuous creation of these implementations. In this regard, the technological operation of copying leads not to creating a document of a new type (a “copy”) but only to the origin of a new implementation that is equivalent to any other. Hence, there is a need for a set of identification characteristics (attributes) for electronic documents.

The megajournal is a new form of an academic open-access journal that is peer reviewed for scientific and methodological soundness. Thus, the perceived importance is not assessed, leaving it to the readers to decide whether an article is of interest and importance to them. After the highly successful launch of the PLOS ONE megajournal, other publishers followed this path. The current paper undertakes a review of the articles published internationally on the megajournal criteria defining its concept. It also traces how the new type of scientific publication has been developing and expanding since the PLoS ONE launch in 2006.

This paper reviews the existing interpretations of the scientific and technical information (STI) concept and shows their limitations. A new definition of the term is introduced. The main STI indicators are explored and the STI authorship is investigated. The goals and methods of STI development management are analyzed. The impact of the evolving information and communication technologies on the structure of STI developed in Russia is studied. Technologies that underpin the development of STI are investigated. Various approaches to protection of intellectual property rights and information security in the process of information development are investigated.

This paper analysis the composition and success of scientific diasporas from three research institutes of the Pushchino Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences that were formed as a result of the outflow of personnel in the 1990–2014 period. It is shown that the current cooperation of our scientists with representatives of scientific diasporas abroad is very weak. In this regard, it is noted that it is necessary to monitor scientific diasporas at the local level, which will help in establishing bilateral scientific relations. It is assumed that this monitoring can be offered to scientific and academic libraries as a new functions.