Connectivity of EEG and fMRI network in the resting state in healthy people and patients with post-traumatic disorder of consciousness

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Abstract

Recovery of consciousness in patients with post-comatose unconscious states after severe traumatic brain injury and the search for their objective markers are among the urgent medical and social problems. To clarify the information content and the degree of consistency of changes in hemodynamic and bioelectrical parameters, in this work we carried out comparative studies of fMRI networks and EEG connectivity at rest in healthy subjects, as well as in patients with post-traumatic disorders of consciousness before and after therapeutic rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). It was shown that the characteristics of the functional connectivity of fMRI and EEG at rest are among the informative markers of neuroplasticity during depression of consciousness. A certain topographic correspondence between the fMRI networks and the EEG integral connectivity pattern at rest was established, regardless of the modification of the latter assessment: in the continuous recording mode or pseudo-EP. At the same time, the method of independent fMRI components more clearly reveals the features of the state of individual neural networks, and the indicators of EEG functional connectivity (range 1–15 Hz) are more informative in assessing the integral neural network characteristics and their changes during treatment.

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About the authors

A. S. Zigmantovich

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, RAS

Author for correspondence.
Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. V. Sharova

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, RAS

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

M. M. Kopachka

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. S. Smirnov

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. V. Alexandrova

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. L. Masherov

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. M. Troshina

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

I. N. Pronin

Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

L. B. Oknina

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, RAS

Email: alexzig@ihna.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Functional networks of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and connectivity of the EEG range 1–15 Hz in healthy subjects at rest (n = 15). A – fMRI RSNs averaged over the group of subjects: 1 – DMN, 2 – sensorimotor, 3 – network of executive functions (executive control), 4 – frontoparietal, 5 – auditory, 6 – speech. The scale on the right characterizes the level of maximum network intensity. B, C - EEG connectivity averaged in the same group of subjects according to Pearson correlation. Black lines are unidirectional connections, gray lines are bidirectional, according to the Granger causality method. B — connections calculated on continuous recordings, C — in pseudo-VP mode. D - zones of concentration of functional EEG connections: a - frontal, b - temporo-anterotemporal, c - central, d - occipital-parietal.

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3. Fig. 2. Dynamics of resting networks of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and connectivity of the EEG range 1–15 Hz in observation 1. A - study 1 (before rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)), vegetative state; B — study 2 (5 days after a course of rTMS), a state transitional to mutism with speech understanding. I - RSN fMRI: 1 - DMN, 2 - sensorimotor, 3 - auditory, 4 - speech, 5 - frontoparietal. The scale on the right is as in Fig. 1. II - resting EEG connectivity in continuous recording. III — resting EEG connectivity in pseudo-EP mode. For line designations, see fig. 1.

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4. Fig. 3. Indicators of maximum intensity of resting networks in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of healthy subjects and patients with STBI. I - intensity dynamics in observation 1, II - in observation 2. Gray dots - the values ​​of this indicator in the group of healthy subjects. fMRI resting networks: 1 – DMN, 2 – sensorimotor, 3 – network of executive functions (executive control), 4 – frontoparietal, 5 – auditory, 6 – speech.

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5. Fig. 4. Dynamics of resting networks of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and connectivity of the EEG range 1–15 Hz in observation 2. A - study 1 (before therapeutic rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)), akinetic mutism condition; B — study 2 (17 days after a course of rTMS), a state of mutism with emotional reactions. I - RSN fMRI: 1 - DMN, 2 - sensorimotor, 3 - network of executive functions (executive control), 4 - frontoparietal, 5 - speech, 6 - auditory. The scale on the right is as in Fig. 1. II - resting EEG connectivity in continuous recording. III — resting EEG connectivity in pseudo-EP mode. For line designations, see fig. 1 and 2.

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6. Fig. 5. Resting EEG connections significantly changing after a course of rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in individual observations of patients with post-traumatic depression of consciousness. I—differences in connections between continuous EEG realizations; II - differences in connections in the pseudo-VP mode. A - observation 1, B - observation 2. Black lines - EEG connections, enhanced after rTMS compared to the state before stimulation, gray lines - weakened. Differences were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficients. In patient 1 (A) – Wilcoxon test, FDR, p < 0.01. In patient 2 (B) – Wilcoxon test, FDR, p < 0.05.

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