Credit history of Nikita Panin (1770–1837)

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Debt relations were an important part of the Russian nobility’s life. About two-thirds of the noble estates were pledged in state credit institutions by the mid-nineteenth century. The significant nobles’ debt burden was formerly connected with their irrational behaviour, but the narrative has changed recently. The reasons for the debt burden of the population can be associated with various factors of the development of society, including its standards of living, well-being, and the degree of inequality. The study of these topics from a historical perspective is currently very popular among researchers, especially international ones. The topic has been partially studied for the Russian Empire history. Yet, some questions are still not answered: how did loans correlat with the nobles’ incomes? did they go into debt, what could urge rich people to borrow money? By answering them one expands one’s understanding of the nobility economic status and the causes and degree of its indebtedness. In this article the author studies these issues using the example of Count Nikita Panin’s economic records for 1792–1820, kept in the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts, and his published correspondence. According to the documents, as time passed, he began to borrow money mainly from the Board of Trustees, although previously he more actively used private lending. First of all, he regularly paid and serviced his debts to the state credit institution named Board of Trustees. The Count's relatives played an essential role in his debt relations, and at the same time they were the last in the queue when the Count repaid his debts. He paid his debts to them after he paid off his debts to those persons who were not his relatives. Despite of the Count's significant income from estate, he actively borrowed money. The reasons for this could be his need for cash, high inflation, and the necessity to maintain a nobility standard of living. Thus, his debts were mainly driven by external socio-economic factors and the features of the noble rural estates functioning.

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M. Aksenova

National Research University Higher School of Economics

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Email: mariaaksenova1@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0583-6291

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俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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