Chemical composition of geographical types of the small river basin waters (Central Sikhote-Alin Mountains, Pacific Asia)

Abstract

In the article, the results of field observations of the chemical composition of the small river basin waters obtained during warm periods in 2011–2012 are presented. Seven basic geographical types of water were investigated, namely, cyclonic rainfall, rainstorm, throughfall, subsurface soil flow, low water flow (specific discharges of waters do not exceed 2.5 L/s km²), low floods (peak specific discharges are from 2.5 to 16 L/s km²) and medium floods (peak specific discharges are from 16 to about 100 L/s km²). A result of the interaction between the rain water and landscape constituents is that all examined natural waters differ to the maximum extent in the anionic composition. A chemical type of stream waters is sufficiently stable; it is formed predominantly within the soil-ground cover and does not change with increase in flow rate.