Inheritance of the traits of spike and grain color and morphometric parameters of the grain in F1 and F2 hybrids of Triticum spelta L. × Triticum aestivum L.

Abstract

The character of inheritance of the morphological traits of spike and grain color and morphometric parameters of the grain in simple and backcross F₁ and F₂ hybrids of spelt and soft wheat has been investigated. The experiments confirmed that single homologous genes determine the trait of grain width in different species of wheat. Incomplete dominance of the gene that determines the trait of grain length has been revealed. The increase of the dosage of genes from one wheat species in a backcross hybrid has been shown to increase the deviation from the other species and to bring the values of the quantitative parameters of the grain closer to the values for the saturating species. Splitting of the spike color trait in the F₂ offspring has been shown to follow the 15: 1 dihybrid cross scheme and to be controlled by two dominant homologous genes.