Synthesis and Biological Properties of a New Dipeptide Mimetic of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Loop 2**

Abstract

A dimeric dipeptide mimetic of brain-derived neurotrophic factor loop 2, bis-(N-hexanoyl-seryl-lysine) hexamethylenediamide or GTS-201, was designed and synthesized. It exhibited neuroprotective activity at concentrations of 10^–5 – 10^–8 M in HT-22 immortalized hippocampal neuronal cell culture under H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. Western-blot analysis showed that it activated TrkB receptors and Erk but not Akt. GTS-201 did not exhibit antidepressant activity in a Porsolt forced swim test on BALB/c mice at i.p. doses of 0.1, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg, in contrast with previously synthesized GSB-106, a dimeric dipeptide mimetic of loop 4. The results confirmed the previous original hypothesis about the possible discrimination of neurotrophin functions by low-molecular-mass mimetics of their separate loops.