Evaluation of Anti-Hyperglycemic Effect of Synthetic Schiff Base Vanadium(IV) Complexes

Abstract

A chain of new vanadium(IV) complexes of Schiff bases, derived from acetohydrazide (HL^1-3) or 4-aminoantipyrine (HL^4-7) have been prepared and physicochemically distinguished using different tools including analytical, spectral, and magnetic techniques. The spectral and analytical data showed that ligands HL^1-3 acted as neutral bidentate ligands, chelated through hydrazono carbonyl and azomethine groups, whereas HL⁴ acted as neutral tetradentate ligand coordinated via pyrazolone carbonyl, NH group, hydrazono carbonyl, and azo (N=N) groups forming binuclear complexes. The HL⁵ and HL⁶ behave as neutral bidentate ligands coordinating through pyrazolone carbonyl and NH groups; in case of ligand HL⁶, in addition to the mentioned mode, C=N and CN groups participated to bind a second VO(II) ion form binuclear complexes. HL⁷ behaves as a monobasic bidentate ligand bonded via deprotonated OH and azomethine groups. All complexes adopt square pyramidal geometry around vanadium ion. Results revealed that the oral management of vanadium complexes significantly reduced the blood glucose level in rats suffered from diabetes. The correction of altered biochemical parameters via treatment with vanadium complexes points the improved glucose balance.