Influence of Human Biorhythms on the Blood Glucose Level and the Efficacy of Hypoglycemic Drugs (Review)

Abstract

Rational drug use considers the medical, biological, and pharmaceutical factors that ensure high bioavailability and efficacy. On the other hand, the interaction of a drug with in vivo systems is of interest to take into account chronopharmacology, which studies drug action as a function of human biorhythms. According to chronopathology, various pathological processes and disorders, in particular diabetes mellitus (DM), are related to biorhythm disruption. The pathogenesis of DM involves desynchronosis related to not only the disruption of endogenous insulin secretion but also the artificially induced rhythm of conventional insulin therapy. Available data on the influence of carbohydrate metabolism biorhythms on the efficacy of hypoglycemic treatment were summarized. The expediency of studying and developing schedules for administered hypoglycemic drugs was discussed.