Angiotensin AT1 Receptors and Their Ligands (Review)

Abstract

This review addresses on the most intensely studied biological targets in the body – type 1 angiotensin receptors. Particular attention is focused on receptor structure and its interaction with various intracellular signal molecules. Data on long-known and newly created ligands able to influence AT₁ receptors are presented. The individual structural fragments of AT₁ antagonist molecules with functional significance for this type of activity are described. The review includes a brief analysis of the potentials for the clinical use of AT₁ antagonists in a number of pathological states additional to the registered indications, including arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure, and nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. These results from the discovery of additional aspects of the mechanism of action of antagonists and their ability to produce effects such as neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions, as well as various organ-protective properties.