Respiratory diseases and obesity: special phenotype or independent events: Review

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Abstract

A combination of factors, including Western European eating habits, physical inactivity and genetic predisposition, lead to a dramatic increase in adipose tissue mass. A special place is occupied by abdominal obesity, in which there is an accumulation of adipose tissue in the mesentery of the small intestine and the omentum. Developing in conditions of visceral obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and systemic inflammation are one of the key components of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver and pancreas disease, polycystic ovary disease, some forms of cancer (breast cancer, endometrial cancer, colonic and direct intestines). At the same time, the pathogenetic role of adipose tissue is not limited to its participation in the formation of the cardiometabolic continuum and oncogenesis. The most important role of metabolically active fat in the pathogenesis of many respiratory diseases is known, including bronchial asthma, obstructive sleep apnea and pulmonary hypertension. This paper presents an overview of current data on immunological, pathophysiological and clinical features of the phenotype of the combination of respiratory diseases with overweight and obesity.

About the authors

Evgeniy I. Shchepikhin

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9146-0904

аспирант отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

Evgene I. Shmelev

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1908-5601

д-р мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anna S. Zaytseva

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7155-5730

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

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