Telomere length as a biomarker of the risk of cardiovascular complications in patients with coronary heart disease

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Abstract

Aim. To study the effect of oxidative stress and telomere length in the chromosomes of blood leukocytes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) on the development of cardiovascular complications.

Materials and methods. In 119 patients with CHD, the level of oxidatively modified low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) in blood plasma and the length of telomeres in nuclear blood cells were determined during the examination. After 5 years, a telephone survey of patients (or their relatives) was conducted to obtain data on the presence of cardiovascular complications. Telomere length was determined using quantitative real-time PCR, and the level of ox-LDL was determined by immunochemical method.

Results. It was found that reducing the length of telomeres in patients with CHD increases the risk of subsequent development of cardiovascular complications. A strong negative correlation was found between the level of ox-LDL and telomere length in the group of examined CHD patients who had cardiovascular complications after 5 years.

Conclusion. CHD patients with short telomere length and high levels of ox-LDL have an increased risk of cardiovascular complications during 5 years.

About the authors

Natalia A. Doroshchuk

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Email: lankin0309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2258-6463

к.м.н., науч. сотр. отд. биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

Vadim Z. Lankin

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Author for correspondence.
Email: lankin0309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8018-0296

д.б.н., проф., гл. науч. сотр., рук. отд. биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

Alla K. Tikhaze

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Email: lankin0309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3870-9923

д.м.н., проф., гл. науч. сотр. отд. биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

Grigory I. Kheimets

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Email: lankin0309@mail.ru

к.б.н., ст. науч. сотр. отд. новых методов диагностики

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

Alexander D. Doroshсhuk

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Email: lankin0309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1547-4693

к.б.н., науч. сотр. отд. биохимии свободнорадикальных процессов

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

Maria D. Smirnova

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Email: lankin0309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6515-3882

д.м.н, ст. науч. сотр. отд. амбулаторных лечебно-диагностических технологий

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

Irina E. Chazova

National Medical Research Center of Cardiology

Email: lankin0309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5215-4894

акад. РАН, проф., д.м.н., зам. ген. дир. по научно-экспертной работе, рук. отд. гипертонии Института клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова

Russian Federation, 15a, 3rd Cherepkovskaya street, Moscow, 121552

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2. Fig. 1. The initial length of telomeric repeats of chromosomes (1) and the initial level of ok-LDL (2) in the blood of examined patients with coronary artery disease, who did not experience cardiovascular incidents over the next 5 years (light bars, taken as 100%), and in the group of patients with coronary artery disease, who have been identified within 5 years of CVA: stroke, MI and lethal cases (dark bars). * Differences between the groups without SSO and with SSO are statistically significant at p <0.05.

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3. Fig. 2. The initial values of the length of telomeric chromosome repeats in the group of examined persons with various cardiovascular events that occurred within 5 years: 1 - without complications, 2 - stroke, 3 - MI, 4 - cardiovascular death. * Indicators in groups 2–4 statistically significantly differ from those in group 1 (without CVC) at p <0.05.

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4. Fig. 3. Correlation dependence between the initial length of telomeric repeats in the chromosomes of leukocytes and the initial level of blood plasma ok-LDL in patients with coronary artery disease, who did not develop CVC within 5 years after the examination.

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5. Fig. 4. Correlation dependence between the initial length of telomeric repeats in the chromosomes of leukocytes and the initial level of ok-LDL in blood plasma in patients with coronary artery disease, in whom, within 5 years after the examination, various (CVA, MI, death) were recorded.

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6. Fig. 5. ROC-curve for determining the predictive value of telomere length in the development of CVO. Area under the curve 0.66; sensitivity 74.3, specificity 57.1 with telomere length less than 61.4 relative units.

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7. Fig. 6. ROC-curve to determine the predictive value of ok-LDL in the development of CVC (explanations are given in the text of the article).

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