Hepatocellular damage and inflammation in various forms of alcoholic liver disease

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Abstract

Aim. The aim of the study was to evaluate hepatocellular damage and immune inflammation in various forms of alcoholic liver disease (ALD).

Materials and methods. 104 patients with ALD were examined: 15 (14.4%) with liver steatosis (LS), 19 (18.3%) with steatohepatitis and 70 (67.3%) with liver cirrhosis (LC); men 50 (48.1%), women 54 (51.9%); age – 45.7±8.4 years. Traditional clinical, laboratory, instrumental studies were performed, the levels of fragments of cytokeratin-18 (FCK-18), cytokines – IL-1â, TNF-á, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 were determined by ELISA. The control group consisted of 39 healthy individuals: men – 20 (51.2%), women – 19 (48.7%), age – 48.5±8.3 years.

Results. In LS, an increase in the level of FCK-18 was noted with normal aminotransferase activity, the content of TNF-á, IL-6, IL-1â, IL-8 increased and the level of IL-4 decreased compared to those in healthy individuals. In steatohepatitis, a triple increase in aminotransferases and FCK-18 was observed compared with LS, as well as an increase in the level of inflammatory mediators, to a greater extent – IL-6, to a lesser extent – IL-8, TNF-á, a decrease in IL-4, IL-1â remained at the same level. In LC, there was a further increase in FCK-18, significantly more pronounced than an increase in AST, and the increase in cytokines continued – to the same extent, the levels of IL-6 and IL-8, to a lesser extent – IL-1â and TNF-á, and the level of IL-4.

Conclusion. With the progression of ALD from LS to steatohepatitis, hepatic cell damage was carried out by equally pronounced processes of hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis, with the development of cirrhosis of the liver, parenchyma damage occurred mainly due to hepatocyte apoptosis. The immuno-inflammatory process progressively increased from the stage of LS to LC with IL-6 and IL-8 undergoing the greatest dynamics. FCK-18 can serve as a non-invasive marker of hepatic cell damage, and IL-6 and IL-8 – markers of immune inflammation in ALD.

About the authors

Alisa S. Rodina

Petrozavodsk State University

Email: odudanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6311-3772

ассистент каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гигиены Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПетрГУ

Russian Federation, 33, Lenin street, Petrozavodsk ,185910

Marina E. Shubina

Petrozavodsk State University

Email: odudanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4272-9612

доц. каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гигиены Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПетрГУ

Russian Federation, 33, Lenin street, Petrozavodsk ,185910

Irina V. Kurbatova

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: odudanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7620-7065
Scopus Author ID: 6603406315

к.б.н., cт. науч. сотр. лаб. генетики ИБ ФГБУН ФИЦ КарНЦ

Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

Ludmila V. Topchieva

Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: odudanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8697-2086
Scopus Author ID: 15137309400

к.б.н., вед. науч. сотр. лаб. генетики ИБ ФГБУН ФИЦ КарНЦ

Russian Federation, Petrozavodsk

Olga P. Dudanova

Petrozavodsk State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: odudanova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2613-5694
Scopus Author ID: 6603343207

д.м.н., проф., зав. каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гигиены Медицинского института ФГБОУ ВО ПетрГУ

Russian Federation, 33, Lenin street, Petrozavodsk ,185910

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