The analysis of treatment of Immunoglobulin A-nephropathy

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Abstract

Aim. An evaluation of the effectiveness of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and tonsillectomy (TE) in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).

Materials and methods. A retrospective cohort of the study included cases with biopsy proven primary IgAN (n=367, age 34±12 years, men – 55%). We used demographic and clinical and morphological parameters at the time of biopsy. Median followup period was 26 (10; 61) months. Outcomes were remission (complete or partial) and the progression of IgAN (defined as the start of dialysis or a decrease in glomerular filtration rate ≥50% from baseline). All patients received treatment with renin angiotensin system blockers. Evaluation of the effectiveness of therapy was carried out using propensity score (PS) methods – matching, conventional double robust regression models with PS as independent covariate, and inverse probability weighting. Following patient subgroups were used for comparative analyses: with IST (n=176) and without IST (n=191); with TE (n=63) and without TE (n=304); without IST and without TE (IST-TE-; n=162); with TE and without IST (IST-TE+; n=29); with IST and without TE (IST+TE-; n=142); with IST and with TE (IST+ TE+; n=34).

Results. All PS methods used gave close estimates of the comparative effectiveness of treatment in different subgroups: 1) patients on monotherapy with corticosteroids (CS) and combination of CS with other immunosuppressants did not have significant differences in probabilities of IgAN progression (hazard ratio 0.919; 95% CI 0.333–2.950) and remission (odds ratio 0.919; 95% CI 0.379–2.344) and were further combined into a group of IST; 2) IST was significantly associated with the lower risk of disease progression and increased odds ratio for remission; 3) the positive effects of IST were limited to cases with proteinuria >2 g/24 h; 4) the likelihood of IgAN remission and progression did not differ significantly between TE+ and TE-, IST-TE+ and IST-TE- groups. There were no cases of disease progression in the IST+TE+ group. The cumulative renal survival was higher in the IST+TE+ group compared to IST+ TE- group (p=0.010), while the probability of remission did not differ.

Conclusion. IST was associated with a lower risk of IgAN progression and increased probability of remission, while these effects of IST were limited to patients with proteinuria >2 g/24 h. TE in combination with IST is associated with an additional reduction in the risk of disease progression.

About the authors

Vladimir A. Dobronravov

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: dobronravov@nephrolog.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7179-5520

д.м.н., проф., зам. дир. НИИ нефрологии, каф. пропедевтики внутренних болезней

Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg

Zinaida Sh. Kochoyan

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Email: dobronravov@nephrolog.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8433-876X

студентка лечебного фак-та

Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg

Tatyana O. Muzhetskaya

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Email: dobronravov@nephrolog.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2398-0449

врач-нефролог клиники НИИ нефрологии

Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg

Daria I. Lin

Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

Email: dobronravov@nephrolog.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1953-637X

студентка лечебного фак-та

Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg

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