Risk Factors for diarrhea associated with Clostridium difficile in patients at a clinical hospital


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Abstract

Aim: to identify risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection in patients of a therapeutic clinic in a multidisciplinary hospital. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 110 case histories of patients who were hospitalized in therapeutic departments in the Municipal Autonomous Institution “City Clinical Hospital No. 40” in Yekaterinburg (MAU City Clinical Hospital No. 40) in 2014-2015 was conducted, in which antibiotic therapy has developed diarrhea. According to the results of the study of coprofiltrate on Clostridium difficile (CD), patients were divided into 2 groups: 60 patients with a positive result and 50 patients with a negative result. Results. The proportion of patients with CD infection in the structure of patients of the therapeutic profile of the MAU GKB No.40 for 2014-2015 amounted to 0.42%. Predictors of the risk of developing diarrhea associated with CD infection in patients are: age over 65 years (OS 4.33, 95% CI 1.15-16.20, p=0.028), Charlson comorbidity index more than 2 points (OS 3.05, 95% CI 1.29-7.23, p=0.016), the presence of anemia (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.07-5.02, p=0.048), chronic dialysis in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRF) (OR 8.64, 95% CI 1.05-70.81, p=0.020), patients staying in hospital for more than 5 days (OR 3.50, 95% CI 1.57-7.75, p=0.003) and hospitalization of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) lasting more than 1 day (OS 9.80, 95% CI 1.20-79.47, p=0.011), the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.12-7.11, p=0.041), antibiotic therapy more than 10 days (OS 39.62, 95% CI 10.85-144.71, p<0.001), more than 1 course of antibacterial therapy (ABT) (OS 2.85, 95% CI 1.20-6.76, p=0.026), the use of ceftriaxone (OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.45-7.63, p=0.006). Logistic regression analysis showed a connection between the use of 3rd generation cephalosporins (OR 6.55, 95% CI 1.18-36.40, p=0.03) and ABT duration (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.50-2.38, p<0.001) with a risk of developing diarrhea associated with CD. Conclusions. The use of cephalosporins of the 3rd generation and long - term antibacterial therapy are independent risk factors for the development of diarrhea associated with Clostridium difficile in patients of the therapeutic clinic of a multidisciplinary hospital.

About the authors

Y N Yarushina

City Clinical Hospital №40

Email: yarushina.ya@yandex.ru
врач-гастроэнтеролог гастроэнтерологического отд-ния МАУ «ГКБ №40»; ORCID:0000-0002-6333-1291 Yekaterinburg, Russia

G B Kolotova

City Clinical Hospital №40; Ural State Medical University

д.м.н., зам. главного врача по медицинской помощи МАУ «ГКБ №40» Yekaterinburg, Russia

V A Rudnov

City Clinical Hospital №40; Ural State Medical University

д.м.н., проф., зав. каф. анестезиологии и реаниматологии ГБОУ ВПО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; зам. главного врача по анестезиологии и реанимации МАУ «ГКБ №40» Yekaterinburg, Russia

V A Bagin

City Clinical Hospital №40

к.м.н., зав. отд-нием анестезиологии и реанимации №5 МАУ «ГКБ №40» Yekaterinburg, Russia

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