Clinical and interferon-modulating efficacy of a combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of interferon-α2b in acute respiratory infections


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Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and interferon-modulating efficacy of a combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of IFN-α2b with antioxidants in the treatment of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in comparison with other variants of antiviral therapy. Materials and methods. A total of 90 servicemen aged 19.2±0.9 years with uncomplicated forms of ARI were hospitalized not later than 48 hours after the onset of the disease. Patients were randomized into 3 groups of 30 people each. In the first group, patients received rectal suppositories containing IFN-α2b (1 million IU) and antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol acetate and ascorbic acid) twice a day for 5 days. In the second group, patients received intranasally a gel formulation containing IFN-α2b (36 000 IU/1 g) and antioxidants 3 times a day in addition to the above suppositories. In the third group, patients were prescribed umifenovir (reference drug) at dose of 200 mg 4 times a day for 5 days. The dynamics of regression of clinical manifestations of ARI in different groups, changes in concentrations of IFN-α and IFN-γ in blood plasma, as well as spontaneous and induced production of these cytokines by blood cells ex vivo were evaluated. After that, the patients were observed for another 3 months to register repeated cases of hospitalization for ARI. Results. Marked tendency to accelerate the regression of symptoms of intoxication and fever was observed when intranasal dosage form of IFN-α2b was administered to patients receiving the rectal form of this cytokine. The combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of IFN-α2b with antioxidants was more effective than monotherapy with the rectal suppositories in preventing repeated hospitalization for ARI. The above combination caused the most complete correction of induced production of IFN-α by blood cells ex vivo at its initial deviation from the norm. Conclusion. The obtained data indicate the expediency of using the combination of rectal and topical dosage forms of IFN-α2b with antioxidants for treatment of ARI.

About the authors

O V Kalyuzhin

I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy

Email: kalyuzhin@list.ru
д.м.н., проф., проф. каф. клинической иммунологии и аллергологии лечебного факультета ФГАОУ ВО «Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет) Moscow, Russia

Zh B Ponezheva

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance

д.м.н., в.н.с. клинического отдела инфекционной патологии ФБУН «ЦНИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6539-4878 Moscow, Russia

A N Kupchenko

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance

м.н.с. клинического отдела инфекционной патологии ФБУН «ЦНИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора Moscow, Russia

A N Shuvalov

N.F.Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

к.м.н., н.с. лаб. онтогенеза и коррекции системы интерферона ФГБУ «НИЦЭМ им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России Moscow, Russia

T S Guseva

N.F.Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

н.с. лаб. онтогенеза и коррекции системы интерферона ФГБУ «НИЦЭМ им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России Moscow, Russia

O V Parshina

N.F.Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

н.с. лаб. онтогенеза и коррекции системы интерферона ФГБУ «НИЦЭМ им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России Moscow, Russia

V V Malinovskaya

N.F.Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

д.б.н., проф., руководитель лаб. онтогенеза и коррекции системы интерферона ФГБУ «НИЦЭМ им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России Moscow, Russia

V G Akimkin

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance

акад. РАН, директор ФБУН «ЦНИИ эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора РФ, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4228-9044 Moscow, Russia

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