Arterial hypertension in metabolic syndrome: Pathophysiological aspects
- Authors: Gurgenian SV1, Vatinian SK.1, Zelveian PA2
-
Affiliations:
- НИИ кардиологии им. Л. Оганесяна, Ереван, Армения
- Национальный институт здравоохранения Армении
- Issue: Vol 86, No 8 (2014)
- Pages: 128-132
- Section: Editorial
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0040-3660/article/view/31621
- ID: 31621
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Abstract
Arterial hypertension (AH) is one of the basic components of metabolic syndrome that is caused by four factors: autonomic sympathetic dysfunction; activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; that of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; and endothelial dysfunction (ED). AH is a slowly progressive hemodynamic disease, the natural course of which is characterized by not only elevated blood pressure (BP), but also by left ventricular hypertrophy, arterial remodeling, and a progressive increase in total peripheral resistance. ED and arterial remodeling play a key role in the pathogenesis of AH in metabolic syndrome. Remodeling of resistant arteries raises peripheral resistance and stabilizes BP and that of large arteries increases their stiffness and a reflected wave, resulting in increased pulse BP, systolic BP, and enhanced left ventricular hypertrophy. Insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia increase the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and, by enhancing the expression of angiotensinogen, angiotensin II and its type 1 receptors, favors the development of AH, proinflammation, atherosclerosis, and congestive heart failure. Hyperleptinemia, which, by stimulating the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, elevates BP, plays a certain role in the development of AH in metabolic syndrome and obesity.
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##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
S V Gurgenian
НИИ кардиологии им. Л. Оганесяна, Ереван, Армения
Email: goorggenyan@mail.ru
S Kh Vatinian
НИИ кардиологии им. Л. Оганесяна, Ереван, Армения
Email: marsjurist@rambler.ru
P A Zelveian
Национальный институт здравоохранения Армении
Email: zelveian@hotmail.com
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