Сardiac arrhythmias in people who have had a coronavirus infection COVID-19: A review

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Abstract

Heart rhythm disorders are one of the most common complications of coronavirus infection. Heart rhythm disorders can develop in 6–17% of hospitalized patients, and in convalescents, COVID-19 can manifest itself up to 12 months after the completion of the acute phase of the disease. Among the mechanisms for the development of cardiac arrhythmias, there are a direct cytopathic effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the myocardium, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, electrolyte imbalance, hypoxia, the use of antibacterial, antimalarial and antiviral drugs, exudative pericarditis, autonomic dysfunction. The main COVID-19-mediated heart rhythm disorders are sinus tachycardia and bradycardia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, long QT syndrome. Despite a significant amount of research, the literature data on the prevalence of certain types of cardiac arrhythmias (especially in COVID-19 convalescents), as well as methods for their correction, are somewhat contradictory and need to be clarified. Taking into account the impact of arrhythmia on the quality of life and mortality, active monitoring of convalescents of coronavirus infection, identification and development of approaches to the treatment of heart rhythm disorders in patients who have had COVID-19, seem to be relevant and promising areas in modern cardiology.

About the authors

Nail R. Yamoldinov

Izhevsk State Medical Academy

Author for correspondence.
Email: nail-yamoldinov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1315-731X

ассистент кафедры поликлинической терапии с курсами клинической фармакологии и профилактической медицины факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки

Russian Federation, Izhevsk

Mikhail V. Dudarev

Izhevsk State Medical Academy

Email: nail-yamoldinov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2508-7141

доктор медицинских наук, зав. кафедры поликлинической терапии с курсами клинической фармакологии и профилактической медицины факультета повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки ФГБОУ ВО ИГМА

Russian Federation, Izhevsk

Denis S. Sarksyan

Izhevsk State Medical Academy

Email: nail-yamoldinov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6263-6627

доктор медицинских наук, доцент кафедры инфекционных болезней и эпидемиологии

Russian Federation, Izhevsk

Viktor V. Maleev

Central Research Institute of Epidemiology

Email: nail-yamoldinov@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5748-178X

академик РАН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, советник дир. по научной работе

Russian Federation, Moscow

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