Possibilities of non-invasive diagnosis of fibrotic phenotype of interstitial lung diseases

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Abstract

Progressive pulmonary fibrosis is a major problem in respiratory medicine. Currently, there are no reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis of progressive pulmonary fibrosis, which leads to delayed diagnosis.

Aim. To determine the role of serum biomarkers CA-19-9 and CA-125 and the possibilities of capillaroscopy of the nail fold in the diagnosis of progressive pulmonary fibrosis.

Materials and methods. The study included 43 patients with interstitial changes in the lungs. Based on the presence/absence of signs of progression over the previous 12 months, patients were divided into 2 groups. All patients underwent forced spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusion test, CT, lung ultrasound, capillaroscopy of the nail fold, study of serum concentrations of CA-19-9 and CA-125.

Results. In the group of patients with a progressive fibrotic phenotype of Interstitial lung diseases, a greater severity of capillaroscopic changes and a higher level of CA-19-9 were revealed. Correlation of these parameters with changes according to CT scan data (Warrick test) and lung ultrasound was shown.

Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate the possibilities of non-invasive diagnosis of progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases and require further research and prospective follow-up to assess the diagnostic and prognostic role of the studied biomarkers, as well as to determine their place in clinical practice.

About the authors

Evgeniy I. Shchepikhin

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Author for correspondence.
Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9146-0904

врач-пульмонолог, аспирант отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

Evgene I. Shmelev

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1908-5601

д-р мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр. отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

Atadzhan E. Ergeshov

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2494-9275

чл.-кор. РАМН, д-р мед. наук, проф., дир.

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anna S. Zaytseva

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7155-5730

канд. мед. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

Elena A. Shergina

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1433-5720

канд. мед. наук, зав. отд-нием функциональной диагностики

Russian Federation, Moscow

Evgeniy N. Adamovskaya

Central Tuberculosis Research Institute

Email: shhepikhin11@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0937-3167

врач-пульмонолог, аспирант отд. дифференциальной диагностики туберкулеза легких и экстракорпоральных методов лечения

Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Nosological structure of the studied groups: a – non-progressive interstitial lung diseases; b – progressive interstitial lung diseases.

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