On the history of specialization in the clinic of internal diseases: the role of S.S. Zimnitsky (Kazan) in the formation of nephrology in the USSR

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Abstract

Russian nephrology, like most clinical disciplines, has passed through two stages in its historical development: at the first stage, it became isolated as an important area of scientific research within the framework of the Soviet clinic of internal diseases, at the second stage it became an independent scientific and educational clinical discipline and medical specialty. The article shows the role of Kazan internist S.S. Zimnitsky as one of the founders of nephrology in the USSR at the first stage of its formation and as one of the leaders of the functional direction in Soviet clinical medicine.

About the authors

Vladimir I. Borodulin

Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health

Email: banzeluk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8399-050X

д-р мед. наук, проф., гл. науч. сотр.

Russian Federation, Moscow

Egor N. Banzelyuk

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: banzeluk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7239-8685

канд. мед. наук, ассистент каф. терапии фак-та фундаментальной медицины

Russian Federation, Moscow

Aleksey V. Topolyanskiy

Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

Email: banzeluk@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4409-6900

д-р мед. наук, проф. каф. терапии, клинической фармакологии и скорой медицинской помощи

Russian Federation, Moscow

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