Al–Cu–Li and Al–Mg–Li alloys: Phase composition, texture, and anisotropy of mechanical properties (Review)

Resumo

The results of studying the phase transformations, the texture formation, and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties in Al–Cu–Li and Al–Mg–Li alloys are generalized. A technique and equations are developed to calculate the amounts of the S₁ (Al₂MgLi), T₁ (Al₂CuLi), and δ' (Al₃Li) phases. The fraction of the δ' phase in Al–Cu–Li alloys is shown to be significantly higher than in Al–Mg–Li alloys. Therefore, the role of the T₁ phase in the hardening of Al–Cu–Li alloys is thought to be overestimated, especially in alloys with more than 1.5% Li. A new model is proposed to describe the hardening of Al–Cu–Li alloys upon aging, and the results obtained with this model agree well with the experimental data. A texture, which is analogous to that in aluminum alloys, is shown to form in sheets semiproducts made of Al–Cu–Li and Al–Mg–Li alloys. The more pronounced anisotropy of the properties of lithium-containing aluminum alloys is caused by a significant fraction of the ordered coherent δ' phase, the deformation mechanism in which differs radically from that in the solid solution.