Abundance and Diversity of Prokaryotic Communities of Dust Aerosol and Urban Soils on the Territory of Moscow

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Abstract

The complex (quantitative and qualitative) characteristics of prokaryotic communities of solid atmospheric fallouts (dust aerosol) and soils in the territory of Moscow in areas with different intensity of anthropogenic load have been done. The total number of bacteria in the studied samples of solid atmospheric fallouts (SAF) was lower than the number of bacteria in soil samples; actinomycete mycelium was not found in the dust samples, although it was found in soil samples. The number of culturable saprotrophic bacteria in dust samples was an order of magnitude lower than in Urbic Technosols taken from the same plots. Representatives of the genus Micrococcus dominated among cultivated bacteria in the dust aerosols, while representatives of the phylum Proteobacteria dominated in soils. Representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family were found in the dust samples, among which there are species that are potential human pathogens. The maximum biodiversity of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family was recorded in the dust samples taken in areas with increased anthropogenic and transport load. The sanitary-indicative bacterium Escherichia coli was found in all samples of the dust and Urbic Technosols, its content varied (from 10 to 100 CFU/g), according to the degree of epidemic danger it characterizes dust and soils as moderately dangerous. Ecological indices calculated for prokaryotic communities in situ (barcoding of the 16S rRNA gene) indicate a lower taxonomic diversity of SAF prokaryotic communities compared to communities of closely spaced Urbic Technosols.

About the authors

L. V. Lysak

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: lvlysak@mail.ru
Russia, 119991, Moscow

S. A. Shoba

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: lvlysak@mail.ru
Russia, 119991, Moscow

T. V. Prokof’eva

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: lvlysak@mail.ru
Russia, 119991, Moscow

A. M. Glushakova

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera

Email: lvlysak@mail.ru
Russia, 119991, Moscow; Russia, 105064, Moscow

N. V. Goncharov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: lvlysak@mail.ru
Russia, 119991, Moscow

A. A. Belov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: lvlysak@mail.ru
Russia, 119991, Moscow

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Copyright (c) 2023 Л.В. Лысак, С.А. Шоба, Т.В. Прокофьева, А.М. Глушакова, Н.В. Гончаров, А.А. Белов

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