Fabrication of osteoconductive Ca3–xM2x(PO4)2 (M = Na, K) calcium phosphate bioceramics by stereolithographic 3D printing


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Abstract

Osteoconductive ceramic implants based on Ca3–xM2x(PO4)2 (M = Na, K) double phosphates and having the Kelvin structure, tailored macropore size (in the range 50–750 μm), and a total porosity of 70–80% have been produced by stereolithographic 3D printing. We demonstrate that, to maintain the initial geometry of a model and reach sufficiently high strength characteristics of macroporous ceramics (compressive strength up to 9 MPa and fracture toughness up to 0.7 MPa m1/2), the polymer component should be removed under specially tailored heat treatment conditions. Based on our results on polymer matrix destruction kinetics, we have found heat treatment conditions that ensure a polymer removal rate no higher than 0.1 wt%/min and allow one to avoid implant cracking during the firing process.

About the authors

V. I. Putlyaev

Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: valery.putlyaev@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

P. V. Evdokimov

Moscow State University

Email: valery.putlyaev@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

T. V. Safronova

Moscow State University

Email: valery.putlyaev@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

E. S. Klimashina

Moscow State University

Email: valery.putlyaev@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

N. K. Orlov

Moscow State University

Email: valery.putlyaev@gmail.com
Russian Federation, Moscow, 119991

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