Influence of the Gleissberg Cycle on Variations of the 11-Year Cycle of Solar Activity in 1700–2021
- Authors: Ptitsyna N.G.1, Demina I.M.1
-
Affiliations:
- St. Petersburg Branch, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences (SPbF IZMIRAN)
- Issue: Vol 63, No 3 (2023)
- Pages: 284-297
- Section: Articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0016-7940/article/view/134720
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016794022600508
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UIUBPY
- ID: 134720
Cite item
Abstract
The wavelet analysis was used to study the spectral composition of the sunspot numbers SN during
1700–2021. In addition to the dominant 11-year component, two powerful components of the Gleissberg
cycle can be traced in the spectrum: before 1880, a branch with a period of ~60 years; from 1850 a branch of
~115 years is found. It is found that the series of lengths and amplitudes of the solar cycle as a whole are
inversely related (correlation coefficient k = –0.5–0.63). The interval between the series at which the maximum
anticorrelation is reached depends on time. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the lag was equal to
one cycle, in the 19th century it was two cycles, and from 1950 to our time the lag decreased to 2 years. Quasiperiodic
structures, which are typical for long periods of low solar activity, have been identified. Such a spectral
feature in ~1800 (Dalton minimum) was caused by the influence of the 60-year branch, while the one
that has been forming since the beginning of the 21st century is due to the weaker influence of the circa-centenary
branch. Therefore, it should be expected that the next solar cycles will be higher and shorter than
during the period of the Dalton minimum. It has been shown that solar cycle length variations for the last
321 years can be described within the framework of the model, which is an 11-year oscillation that is subject
to frequency modulation by the branches of the Gleisberg cycle (60 and 115 years) with time-varying influences
of the modulator
About the authors
N. G. Ptitsyna
St. Petersburg Branch, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation,Russian Academy of Sciences (SPbF IZMIRAN)
Email: nataliaptitsyna@ya.ru
St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia
I. M. Demina
St. Petersburg Branch, Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation,Russian Academy of Sciences (SPbF IZMIRAN)
Author for correspondence.
Email: nataliaptitsyna@ya.ru
St. Petersburg, 199034 Russia
References
- – Витинский Ю.И., Копецкий М., Куклин Г.В. Статистика пятнообразовательной деятельности Солнца. М.: Наука, 296 с. 1986.
- – Гоноровский И.С. Частотная модуляция и ее применения. М.: Связьиздат, 286 с. 1948.
- – Ишков В.Н., Шибаев И.Г. Циклы солнечной активности: общие характеристики и современные границы прогнозирования // Изв. РАН. Сер. физич. Т. 70. № 10. С. 1439–1442. 2006.
- – Наговицын Ю.А. Солнечная активность двух последних тысячелетий: “Служба Солнца” в древнем и средневековом Китае // Геомагнетизм и аэрономия. Т. 41. № 5. С. 711‒720. 2001.
- – Наговицын Ю.А., Певцов А.А. Нелинейная математическая модель пятенной цикличности Солнца / Тр. XXII Всероссийской конф. “Солнечная и солнечно-земная физика-2018”, Санкт-Петербург, Пулково, 8–12 октября 2018 г. Ред. А.В. Степанов и Ю.А. Наговицын. СПб.: изд-во ГАО РАН. С. 307−310. 2018. https://doi.org/10.31725/0552-5829-2018-307-310
- – Обридко В.Н., Наговицын Ю.А. Солнечная активность, цикличность и методы прогноза. СПб.: ВВМ, 466 с. 2017.
- –Птицына Н.Г., Демина И.М. Реконструкция солнечной активности в 1000–1700 гг. по данным о полярных сияниях с учетом вклада главного магнитного поля Земли // Геомагнетизм и аэрономия. Т. 60. № 3. С. 515− 527. 2020. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016794020030153
- – Птицына Н.Г., Демина И.М. Цикличность солнечной активности, реконструированной из статистики полярных сияний с учетом вклада главного магнитного поля Земли, 1000−2000 гг. // Геомагнетизм и аэрономия. Т. 61. № 2. С. 295−308. 2021. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016794021020127
- – Птицына Н.Г., Демина И.М. Частотная модуляция как причина возникновения дополнительных ветвей векового цикла Глейсберга в солнечной активности // Геомагнетизм и аэрономия. Т. 62. № 1. С. 48–61. 2022. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0016794022010163
- – Шибаев А., Шибаев И. Влияние длины ряда WSN на период “цикла Гляйсберга” / Proс. 16 th Intern. Conference on Space, Ecology, Safety–SES 2020. Sofia, Bulgaria, 4–6 November 2020. P. 40–44. 2020.
- – Abreu J.A., Beer J., Ferriz-Mas A., McCracken K.G., Steinhilber F. Is there a planetary influence on solar activity? // Astron Astrophys. V. 548. № A88. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201219997
- – Bertolucci S., Zioutas K., Hofmann S., Maroudas M. The Sun and its Planets as detectors for invisible matter // Physics of the Dark Universe. V. 17. P. 13−21. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dark.2017.06.001
- – Clette F., Lefèvr L. The new sunspot number: assembling all corrections // Solar Phys. V. 291. P. 2629−2651. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-016-1014-y
- – Clilverd M.A., Clarke E., Ulich T., Rishbeth H., Martin J. Predicting solar cycle 24 and beyond // Space weather. V. 4. № 9. 2006. S09005. https://doi.org/10.1029/2005SW000207
- – Daubechies I. Ten lectures on wavelets. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. USA: Society for industrial and applied mathematics. 369 p. 1992. https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611970104
- – Gleissberg W. Evidence for a long solar cycle // The Observatory. V. 65. № 282. P. 123−125. 1944.
- – Gleissberg W. The eighty-year solar cycle in auroral frequency numbers // J. Br. Astron. Assoc. V. 75. P. 227–231. 1965.
- – Grossman A., Morlet J. Decomposition of Hardy functions of constant shape // SIAM J. Math. V. 15. № 4. P. 723–736. 1984. https://doi.org/10.1137/0515056.m
- – Hathaway D.H. The Solar Cycle // Living Rev. Sol Phys. V. 12. lrsp-2015-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/lrsp-2015-4. 2015. http://www.livingreviews.org/lrsp-2015-4. arXiv:1502.07020
- – Komitov B., Sello S., Duchlev P., Dechev M., Penev K., Koleva K. Sub- and Quasi-Centurial Cycles in Solar and Geomagnetic Activity Data Series // Bulgar. Astron. J. V. 25. P. 78–103. 2016.
- – McCracken K.G., Beer J., Steinhilber F., Abreu J. A phenomenological study of the cosmic ray variations over the past 9400 years, and their implications regarding solar activity and the solar dynamo // Solar Phys. V. 286. № 2. P. 609−627. 2013.
- – Nagovitsyn Y.A., Pevtsov A.A. Duffing oscillator model of solar cycles // Astrophys. J. Letters. V. 888. № 2. L26. 2020. doi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0489-0920
- – Nandy D. Progress in Solar Cycle Predictions: Sunspot Cycles 24–25 in Perspective // Solar Phys. V. 296. № 54. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-021-01797-2
- – Obridko V.N., Katsova M.M., Sokoloff D.D. Solar and stellar activity cycles – no synchronization with exoplanets // Mon. Notices Royal Astron. Soc. stac2286. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2286
- – Ogurtsov M.G., Nagovitsyn Yu.A., Kocharov G.E., Jungner H. Long-period cycles of the sun’s activity recorded in direct solar data and proxies // Solar Phys. V. 211. P. 371−394. 2002. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022411209257
- – Owens M.J., Lockwood M., Riley P. Global solar wind variations over the last four centuries // Sci. Rep. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep41548
- – Richards M.T., Rogers M.L., Richards D.St.P. Long-term variability in the length of the solar cycle // Astron. Soc. Pac. PASP. V. 121. № 881. P. 797−809. 2009.
- – Scafetta N. Multi-scale harmonic model for solar and climate cyclical variation throughout the Holocene based on Jupiter–Saturn tidal frequencies plus the 11-year solar dynamo cycle // J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. V. 80. P. 296−311. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2012.02.016
- – Scargle J.D. Wavelet and other multi-resolution methods for time series analysis / Statistical challenges in modern astronomy II. Eds. G.J. Babu and E.D. Feigelson. P. 333−347. N.Y. USA: Springer-Verlag. 1997.
- – Silverman S.M. Secular variation of the aurora for the past 500 years // Rev. Geophys. V. 30. № 4. P. 333–351. 1992.
- – Solanki S.K., Krivova N.A., Schüssler M., Fligge M. Search for a relationship between solar cycle amplitude and length // Astron Astrophys. V. 396. P. 1029–1035. 2002. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20021436
- – Sonett C.P. Sunspot index infers a small relict magnetic field in the Sun’s core // Nature. V. 306. P. 670−673. 1983.
- – Svalgaard L. Up to nine millennia of multimessenger solar activity. 2018. https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1810/ 1810.11952.pdf
- – Usoskin I.G. A history of solar activity over millennia // Living Rev. Sol. Phys. V. 14. № 3. P. 1–94. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41116-017-0006-9
- – Usoskin I.G., Mursula K. Long-term solar cycle evolution: review of recent developments // Solar Phys. V. 218. P. 319–343. 2003. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SOLA.0000013049.27106.07
- – Wilson S.G. Digital modulation and coding. Charlottesville, Virginia, USA: Prentice-Hall. 667 p. ISBN: 1258629917. 1996.
- – Wolf R. Extract of a letter to Mr. Carrington. M.N.R.A.S. V. 19. P. 85. 1859.
- – Zioutas K.M., Tsagri Y.K., Semertzidis T., Papaevangelou D., Hoffmann H.H., Anastassopoulos V. The 11-years solar cycle as the manifestation of the dark Universe // Modern Phys. Lett. A. V. 29. P. 1–37. 2013. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217732314400082
- – Zharkova V., Shepherd S., Popova E., Zharkov S.I. Heartbeat of the Sun from Principal Component Analysis and prediction of solar activity on a millenium timescale // Sci. Rep. V. 5. 15689. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15689
Supplementary files
