Major, volatile, ore, and trace elements in magmatic melts from main geodynamic settings. II. Similarity and differences

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Abstract

Based on the mean contents of elements and their standard deviations estimated in the first part of this research project (Naumov et al, 2022), we compared in detail the distinguished geodynamic settings. In order to compare the compositions of mafic melts, a correction to take into account changes related to the fractionation of main minerals was introduced. The use of numerical criteria made it possible to determine the sequence of elements by the degree of coherence during melting and crystallization of the main magmatic melts. Within this sequence, a regular variation in elemental contents normalized to the average composition of oceanic island melts was established. The melts of mid-ocean ridges show a monotonous increase in normalized contents from the most incompatible (Cs, Ba, U, La, etc.) to compatible elements (Sc, Ni, Cr). The settings of convergent plate boundaries show relative enrichment in the most incompatible elements and significant negative Ta-Nb anomalies relative to neighboring elements. The magmas of continental rifts show the highest enrichment in the most incompatible elements, as well as Pb, Li, and some other elements. Indicator element ratios showing significant variations between the settings were distinguished for mafic melts. Some element ratios are almost identical (within observed variations) in mafic melts from all the settings. The mean element ratios in mafic, intermediate, and silicic magmas show three types of behavior. Some ratios (including the canonic ratios Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, etc.) in intermediate and silicic magmas are inherited from the composition of mafic melts. Some ratios show irregular changes from mafic to silicic melts (Sr/Cr, F/Th, etc.). There are ratios that changes monotonously and significantly in the sequence from mafic to silicic melts (Ni/Yb, Lu/P, etc.). The variations of element ratios are related to the crystallization differentiation of melts and contributions of geochemically contrasting reservoirs.

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About the authors

V. B. Naumov

Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: naumov@geokhi.ru
Russian Federation, Kosygina, 19, Moscow, 119991

A. V. Girnis

Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemystry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: girnis@igem.ru
Russian Federation, Starominetny, 35, Moscow, 119017

V. A. Dorofeeva

Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: naumov@geokhi.ru
Russian Federation, Kosygina, 19, Moscow, 119991

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Average contents of rare components in pseudo-primary mafic melts of various geodynamic settings (I–VI), normalized to the composition of the primitive mantle (Palme, O'Neill, 2014).

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3. Fig. 2. Assessment of the geochemical similarity of elements in the processes of formation and evolution of the main magmas of different geochemical environments based on the ratio Q( /Ei )= max( /Ei )- min( /Ei ) /( /Ei), where REE/Ei is the ratio of REE contents to the element in question in each setting, /Ei is the ratio of average values in all settings. The position of an element in a row is determined by the minimum of the Q function.

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4. Fig. 3. The contents of elements in various geochemical reservoirs and media and the average compositions of pseudo- primary mafic melts from different geodynamic settings, normalized to the average composition of oceanic island melts (situation II). CC is the average composition of the continental crust (Rudnick, Gao, 2014), GLOSS – composition of subduction sediments (Plank, 2014), carbonatite – average composition of oceanic carbonatites (Hoernle et al., 2002), as an assessment of the composition of a carbonatite melt – an agent of mantle metasomatosis, an aqueous fluid – the composition of an aqueous fluid in equilibrium with eclogite at 4 GPa (Kessel et al., 2005), as an assessment of the composition of a fluid separating from the oceanic crust in subduction zones and modifying rocks of a mantle wedge.

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5. Fig. 4. Variations in the ratios of element contents in the average compositions of basic, medium and acidic melts from geodynamic settings II–VI. The relationships are divided into groups as follows. The columns are distinguished by the similarity or difference of the average compositions of mafic melts from different geodynamic settings: a – indicator relationships with significant differences between settings; b - relationships that are almost identical for all settings. The series combine different types of ratio changes from basic melts to acidic ones: 1 – values in medium and acidic melts are identical to those in basic melts; 2 – irregular but variable variations; 3 - systematic parallel changes, sometimes by several orders of magnitude. The average values of the ratios in the primitive mantle (PM; Palme, O'Neill, 2014) and the continental crust are also given (CC; Rudnick, Gao, 2014).

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