Role of Immune Distribution of Tissue Factor in the Development of Hemostasis during the First Trimester of Normal Pregnancy

Abstract

Immunohistochemistry of tissue factor, vimentin, and cytokeratin-8 was studied in the medical abortion material at gestation week 5-10 in 20 healthy women. No expression of tissue factor was found in vimentin-positive decidual cells of the parietal endometrium. By contrast, intensive immunostaining of the TF/FVIIα complex was detected in the marginal layer of Rohr fibrinoid and less intense staining was found in vimentin-positive decidual cells adjacent to the walls of modified spiral arteries in the utero-placental region under conditions of invasion of the interstitial and intravascular cytotrophoblast (marker: cytokeratin-8). In the villi, tissue factor was expressed only in the fibrinoid lumps at sites of the syncytiotrophoblast defects. We demonstrated the formation of local hemostasis system in the uteroplacental region at weeks 5-8. This system creates optimal conditions for external thrombogenesis aimed at realization of the cytotrophoblast invasion and subsequent flow of arterial blood between the villi at the end of the first trimester.