Volume 52, Nº 4 (2018)

The aim of this study is to consider the effect of pulsed electric field on the process of charge generation caused by motion of water in flow-based systems widely used in medical proteomic and diagnostic devices. It has been demonstrated that the use of pulsed electric field leads to an increase in the value of charge generated during the motion of the liquid (~ 80%, T = 35°С). The observed effect should be taken into account in the development of novel highly sensitive flow-based diagnostic systems

A means for non-medication-based treatment of spinal dorsopathy is described, specifically, using mechano-therapeutic DRX systems. The use of local internal disk-root decompression in 327 patients with lumbosacral dorsopathy, including 82.9% with disk hernias, is described. Measures of the efficacy of mechanotherapy are presented − results were excellent in 68.3%, good in 21.4%, and satisfactory in 7.1%.

The use of laser diodes and photodiodes in transmission spectroscopy has some effects (temperature, time, spectral, and spatial) reducing the accuracy of glucose measurement. These effects can be reduced by using a (1600 ± 3) nm laser in combination with fixation and occlusion of the tissue area under examination. In this work, a method is suggested that allows spatial displacements of the system to be taken into account. A number of methods for reducing the effect of the thermal drift of the diodes are also suggested. A portable noninvasive optical glucose meter implemented using these methods provides high clinical performance: more than 97% of the measurements are in the A and B zones of the Parkes error grid.

The aims of the present work were to analyze existing methods of testing visual acuity and to undertake a comparative study of visual acuity at different distances after implantation of multifocal gradient intraocular lenses using modified ETDRS tables with Russian letters and the decimal system. The study data did not identify any statistically significant differences between measures of visual acuity obtained using the logarithmic and decimal systems. Use of ETDRS tables with Russian letters allows the procedure to be standardized for multinational clinical trials and exchange of databases.

The process of heating of surrounding tissues by a wireless power supply unit of batteryless implants with the output power of 500 mW was numerically simulated. The modeled medium consists of four layers: skin, fat, fascia, and muscle. The thicknesses of the layers are 2, 30, 1, and 25 mm, respectively. Heating was estimated for the cases of adiabatic and convective processes, for axially aligned antennas and for the lateral misalignment of the receiving antenna by 25 mm. The power of the heat sources in the first case was 117 mW (transmitting antenna), 6 mW (receiving antenna), and 109 mW (rectifier); in the second case − 210, 5, and 82 mW, respectively. Maximum heating level of the surrounding tissues did not exceed 1.56°С. It was found that planar packaging of the implantable part of the unit (the receiving antenna and the rectifier located in the same plane) reduces heating of the tissue because of better heat dissipation through the skin.

Developments in titanium nickelide compression devices for forming interintestinal junctions in colorectal surgery are analyzed. Preference in developments has been given to compression devices made of titanium nickelide wire materials. The authors linked the main advantages with simplicity of use, small size, high levels of biological and physical sealing, and better conditions for tissue regeneration. Questions related to the means of establishing the primary patency of compression anastomoses and optimizing anastomosis techniques remain unanswered.

In this work, the principle of operation of a device for determination of the optimum length of grafts used in reconstructive surgery of damaged tendons, vessels, and nerves is described. Clinical tests of the device showed that it can be recommended for broad use.