On stability and power quality impacts of vehicle to grid (V2G)

Abstract

In the last two decades or so, Electric Vehicles (EV) start to be part of the transportation sector. EV is supplied with storage batteries, that powered from the electrical power grid. Therefore, EV considered to be a load on the electrical power grid. But on the other hand, EV could be working as a source of energy. So, power can be recovered back to the grid in case of unused. In this paper, we studied the effect of connecting the energy from Vehicle to power grid (V2G) technology at substation 33 kV/11 kV located at Amman city. The load profile for each feeder at the substation is been considered. The substation and the out feeders build and tested using DIGSILENT software. We studied and analyzed the harmonic distortion that the charge controller produces it on the grid for eight scenarios at different hours for winter and summer semesters. In addition, the effect of V2G technology on the stability was found for fourteen scenarios at different penetration level for electric vehicles. Finally, the effect of V2G technology on voltage stability was found for three cases. We compared he results with IEEE standard for the allowable harmonic distortion limits, where the highest total harmonic distortion occurs at summer peak and high penetration for electric vehicles which equal 0.37%, and the frequency stability results compared by the NECA (National Electricity Code Agency).