Том 52, № 5 (2016)
- Год: 2016
- Статей: 10
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0001-4338/issue/view/8859
Article
Russian investigations in the field of atmospheric radiation in 2011–2014
Аннотация
A short survey prepared by the Russian Commission on Atmospheric Radiation contains the most significant results of work in the field of atmospheric-radiation studies performed in 2011–2014. It is part of the Russian National Report on Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences prepared for the International Association on Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences (IAMAS)1. During this period, the Russian Commission on Atmospheric Radiation, jointly with the concerned departments and organizations, organized two International Symposiums on Radiation and Dynamics (ISARD-2011 and ISARD-2013). At these conferences, the central problems in modern atmospheric physics were discussed: radiative transfer (RT) and atmospheric optics; greenhouse gases, clouds, and aerosols; remote methods of measurements; and new measurement data. This survey presents six directions covering the whole spectrum of investigations performed in the field of atmospheric radiation.
Studies of planetary atmospheres in Russia (2011–2014)
Аннотация
This paper presents an overview of the results of planetary atmospheric studies carried out by Russian scientists in 2011–2014. The overview is prepared at the Commission on Planetary Atmospheres of the National Geophysical Committee for the Russian national report on meteorology and atmospheric sciences for the XXVI General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (Prague, June 28 to July 07, 2015).
Results of Russian investigations into the middle atmosphere (2011–2014)
Аннотация
The results of Russian investigations into the Earth’s middle atmosphere that were published in the period of 2011–2014 are presented. The survey is prepared as part of the National Report on Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences for the XXVI General Assembly of the International Union on Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) that was held from June 22 to July 2, 2015, in Prague, Czech Republic.
Russian studies on clouds and precipitation in 2011–2014
Аннотация
The results obtained in Russian studies on clouds and precipitation in 2011–2014 are presented. These results are part of the Russian National Report on Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences that was prepared for the XXVI General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG).
Reconstruction of hydrological fields and reproduction of climatic circulation of World Ocean waters
Аннотация
Due to a lack of observational data, the hydrological fields of temperature, salinity, and density used by oceanographers at present remain significantly smoothed. Specifically, this refers to the WOA data distributed freely by the group of Sidney Levitus. This study describes the history of synthesis of hydrological data and mathematical modeling with high resolution. Our aim is to minimize the drawbacks of original data of hydrological fields, improve them with the help of a mathematical model, and thus reproduce the current fields. The results of some realistic calculations are presented.
Description of coastline variations in an ocean general circulation model
Аннотация
A wetting and drying algorithm is considered and implemented in a three-dimensional sigma–z coordinate model of ocean thermo- and hydrodynamics. The algorithm is tested in two idealized experiments simulating the run-up of a tidal wave on the coast and in a realistic experiment simulating the evolution of the Caspian Sea coastline in the 20th century.
Operational system for diagnosis and forecast of hydrophysical characteristics of the Black Sea
Аннотация
The automatic system of operational forecasting of the Black Sea state which functions at the Marine Hydrophysical Institute is presented. Principles of the system construction are considered; the marine environment models used for forecasting, the data streams required for the system functioning, and tools for validating and visualizing the results of sea-state calculations are described. Some examples of investigating a number of processes and phenomena in the Black Sea are given.
Analysis of variations in the surface temperature of tropical and Northern Pacific Ocean
Аннотация
Studies on the analysis of the Pacific Ocean surface temperature are presented based on the data of the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. Two methods are used in the work. The first is a classical analysis of the empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) that makes it possible to identify the El Niño and La Niña phenomena in tropics. In this case, the anomalies of the ocean surface temperature (OST) are reconstructed during these events with quite high accuracy when using several first EOFs. In contrast, at the time between these events, more harmonics are required for the reconstruction. The OST variability in the middle and high latitudes cannot be identified highly accurately based on this approach, since it is considerably weaker than a strong signal in tropics. This signal was detected by the method of cluster analysis. The results show that, in addition to the signal in tropics, there are well-pronounced quasi-decadal signals between the eastern and western Pacific, as well as in the region of the Kuroshio continuation and in the subpolar gyre that can be identified with Pacific decadal oscillations (PDOs).
Modeling meso- and sub-mesoscale circulation along the eastern Crimean coast using numerical calculations
Аннотация
A numerical experiment has been carried out using a hydrodynamical model with nonlinear equations of motion and heat and salt advection to reconstruct the fields of hydrophysical parameters taking into account the real atmospheric forcing for the autumn season along the southern coast of the Crimean Peninsula. The studied part of the coast is situated at 44.25°N 33.95°E/44.72°N 34.55°E. High spatial resolution is used for modeling: 350 m in the horizontal plane with 38 layers in the vertical; the bottom topography is described in detail with ~500 m resolution. Detected and studied meso- and sub-mesoscale structures in the current field agree well with the observational data, which is impossible or hard to identify in numerical experiments with coarser resolution. Their kinematic characteristics and the lifetime are defined and some mechanisms of their origin are suggested.
Features of the horizontal variability of the sea surface temperature in the Western Black Sea from high resolution modeling
Аннотация
A parallel version of the NEMO complex ocean circulation model has been implemented for the Black Sea basin; the results of circulation numerical modeling with a high spatial resolution are presented. Analysis of the spatial variability is performed for the reconstructed hydrophysical fields in 2005–2008. The resulting simulated spatial variability characteristics of the sea surface temperature are compared with available satellite observational data.