Adaptation disorders caused by nephrectomy

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Abstract

Currently, nephrectomy is performed for various diseases, and the number of this type of surgery does not have a clear tendency to decrease. Operational stress is accompanied by a triggering mechanism for a wide range of disorders, among which psycho-emotional and vegetative (vascular) reactions are important clinical markers. The study of the systemic adaptive reactivity of the body after nephrectomy will provide an integrated approach to the study of the problem of the postoperative period and the rehabilitation of the patient in clinical practice.

Objective: to identify the effect of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive response of animals when white rats are exposed to damaging physical loads (acute hyperthermia) and chemical (acute alcohol poisoning, nephrotoxic agents) of nature, normobaric hypoxia, limiting muscular loads and immobilization stress.

The results of the experiment showed that laboratory animals with a single kidney become more sensitive (1.5 times) to nephrotoxic agents. Analysis of the effect of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive response of animals under the influence of various damaging factors to reduce the body’s resistance to hypoxia by 20% (p > 0.05); to limit muscular loads – by 25% (p > 0.05); hyperthermia – by 25% (p < 0.05); chemical agents – by one third (p < 0.05); to immobilization stress – by 28% (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. The study demonstrated a significant negative impact of nephrectomy on the overall adaptive capacity of the body and allowed to clarify the functional characteristics of the general adaptation disorders in connection with this operation.

About the authors

Igor S. Shormanov

Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Email: i-s-shormanov@yandex.ru

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head, Department of Urology with Nephrology

Russian Federation, Yaroslavl

Marina S. Los

Regional Clinical Hospital

Author for correspondence.
Email: 922099@mail.ru

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Urologist

Russian Federation, Yaroslavl

Maxim V. Kosenko

Yaroslavl State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Email: Maxim.kosenko76@yandex.ru

Senior Lecturer, Department of Physical Culture and Sports

Russian Federation, Yaroslavl

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Copyright (c) 2019 Shormanov I.S., Los M.S., Kosenko M.V.

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