椎体和额骨的非细菌性骨髓炎:一例罕见临床病例报告和文献综述

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详细

论证。非细菌性骨髓炎是一种病因不明的慢性免疫炎症性疾病,以“无菌”骨破坏灶为特征,通常在儿童时期发病。椎体受累是非细菌性骨髓炎的常见表现,但除下颌骨外,面颅骨受累的情况极为罕见。

临床观察。文章介绍了一例诊治11岁儿童胸椎体和额骨多灶性病变导致发展为破坏性额叶炎的临床病例。根据活检结果,确定了非细菌性骨髓炎的诊断;排除了感染过程、肿瘤和破坏灶的特殊成因。治疗使用了伊班膦酸。第一次输注药物后,临床症状有所改善。第四次输注后,炎症消退,额骨结构和胸椎体恢复了完整性。

讨论。众所周知,在非甾体抗炎药物治疗无效的情况下,双膦酸盐可用于治疗儿童非细菌性骨髓炎。根据一些数据显示,双膦酸盐治疗的有效率达到75%。然而,在非细菌性骨髓炎中使用双膦酸盐的算法尚未制定。文章分析了罕见的非细菌性骨髓炎的文献数据,并介绍了双膦酸盐疗法的选择问题。

结论。非细菌性骨髓炎是一种可能治愈的疾病,其治疗的成功取决于转诊到风湿病科的时间。

作者简介

Aleksei N. Kozhevnikov

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children's Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: infant_doc@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0509-6198
SPIN 代码: 1230-6803

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Pediatric Rheumatologist

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Vyacheslav I. Zorin

H. Turner National Medical Research Center for Children’s Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery

Email: zoringlu@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9712-5509
SPIN 代码: 4651-8232

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Magnetic resonance (a) and computed (b) tomograms of the thoracolumbar spine with signs of spondylitis of ThVIII and ThXI vertebral bodies 2 months after disease onset (from the Turner Research Center for Pediatric Traumatology and Orthopedics’ archive)

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3. Fig. 2. Computed tomography of the thoracolumbar spine showing signs of destructive changes in the ThVIII and ThXI vertebral bodies 3 months after disease onset

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4. Fig. 3. Computed tomography of the facial skull: a, b, at the time of the first treatment; c, d, 2 weeks later (data from the Research Center’s archive). Arrows indicate destructive changes

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5. Fig. 4. Morphological picture of trepanobiopsy of the ThXI vertebral body. Cellular fibrous connective tissue with lymphomacrophage infiltration and an admixture of neutrophilic leukocytes is visualized in the interbalance spaces of cancellous bone tissue; hematoxylin and eosin staining, ×200 (a), ×400 (b). Foci of bone resorption with small accumulations of osteoclasts; hematoxylin and eosin staining, ×200 (c). Fragments of necrotized bone tissue surrounded by pronounced lymphomacrophage infiltration with few neutrophilic leukocytes; hematoxylin and eosin staining, ×400 (d)

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6. Fig. 5. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracolumbar spine after four consecutive infusions of ibandronic acid. No signs of trabecular edema of the vertebral bodies are observed. In the central-left section of the ThXI vertebral body, deformation of the upper lamina is determined as a local indentation with a zone of fatty transformation of the bone marrow and areas of limited sclerosis. The height of the ThX–ThXI disk is moderately reduced without significant reduction in its signal

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