Sinonasal symptoms and systemic type 2 inflammation markers in children with concomitant asthma and allergic rhinitis: the impact of polypoid-hyperplastic changes of the sinonasal mucosa
- Authors: Krasilnikova S.V.1, Gorbunova K.V.1, Ovsyannikov D.Y.2, Popadyuk V.I.2, Krasilnikova E.V.3, Eliseeva T.I.1
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Affiliations:
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University
- RUDN Universtiy
- National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
- Issue: Vol 22, No 4 (2025)
- Pages: 360-369
- Section: Original studies
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/raj/article/view/375443
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.36691/RJA17063
- EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HQKZBA
- ID: 375443
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis often concomitant to form a single clinical and pathogenetic syndrome based on the activation of T2 inflammation. Important biomarkers of this type of inflammation are eosinophils and total immunoglobulin E. Prolonged course of allergic rhinitis in patients with asthma can lead to the development of chronic rhinosinusitis with polypoid-hyperplastic changes in the sinonasal mucosa. The effect of polypoid-hyperplastic changes on the severity of clinical manifestations and the level of systemic biomarkers of T2 inflammation in patients with a combination of asthma and allergic rhinitis in the pediatric population cannot be considered established.
AIM: Сomparаtive the clinical manifestations (assessed by TNSS and SNOT-22 scales) and the content of systemic biomarkers of T2 inflammation between groups with the presence and absence of polypoid-hyperplastic changes in children and adolescents with combined course of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis.
METHODS: The single-stage, single-center observational study included patients with asthma and AR aged 6–17 years. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory examinations, rhino endoscopy and computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses according to indications.
RESULTS: Totally, 268 patients were examined: 203 (75.75 %) boys and 65 (24.25 %) girls. Polypoid-hyperplastic changes in the sinonasal mucosa were detected in 31.84 % of patients. Clinical symptoms (assessed using the TNSS and SNOT-22 scales) were more pronounced in children with polypoid-hyperplastic changes compared to those without polypoid-hyperplastic changes (p <0.001), but there was no significant difference between boys and girls in terms of these symptoms. At the same time, TNSS scores were statistically significantly higher for girls than for boys (p = 0.045), and SNOT22 scores were significantly higher in both groups (p <0.05). Higher levels of eosinophils and total immunoglobulin E were also recorded by children with polypoid-hyperplastic changes (p <0.001 and p = 0,001respectively), indicating a significant role for systemic T2 inflammation in this.
CONCLUSION: The presence of polypoid-hyperplastic changes in the sinonasal mucosa by children and adolescents with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis correlates with increased clinical symptoms and increased levels of eosinophils in blood and total serum immunoglobulin E, especially in girls. The results obtained indicate the potential involvement of systemic T2-inflammation in the processes of pathological remodeling and the formation of structural disorders of polypoid-hyperplastic changes in the sinonasal mucosa.
About the authors
Svetlana V. Krasilnikova
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Author for correspondence.
Email: mashkovasv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6153-6691
SPIN-code: 2581-2539
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, Nizhny NovgorodKseniya V. Gorbunova
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Email: ksenya.gorbunova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4985-1546
SPIN-code: 3218-6210
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod
Dmitry Yu. Ovsyannikov
RUDN Universtiy
Email: mdovsyannikov@yahoo.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4961-384X
SPIN-code: 5249-5760
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowValentin I. Popadyuk
RUDN Universtiy
Email: popadyuk-vi@rudn.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3309-4683
SPIN-code: 6284-8040
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, MoscowElizaveta V. Krasilnikova
National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod
Email: eliz_nova1026@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-5418-0561
SPIN-code: 1838-8134
Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod
Tatyana I. Eliseeva
Privolzhsky Research Medical University
Email: eliseevati@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1769-3670
SPIN-code: 5036-8467
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, Nizhny NovgorodReferences
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