Active tolerance development in allergy to cow-based milk proteins

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Abstract

Food allergy is a potentially life-threatening condition without approved pathogenetic treatments other than eliminating the causal allergen and relief of acute allergic conditions. Immunoglobulin G-mediated form of food allergy remains a serious and growing problem worldwide. Its prevalence is steadily increasing and is a severe psychosocial and economic burden for patients and their families. Cow-based milk and products are important components of a child’s diet, which are introduced at their first year of life, which can cause allergic reactions. The traditional management of children with cow-based milk allergy includes eliminating the dairy-free diet, and a significant number of patients form milk protein tolerance by the age of 5 years. However, with persistent forms of allergy to cow-based milk proteins, the need for “active” tactics of patient management to form tolerance arises. Oral immunotherapy is a promising approach to food allergy treatments based on a gradually increased allergen by analogy with standardized immunotherapy for respiratory allergens until reaching a maintenance dose. Each stage of oral immunotherapy should be considered as a personalized therapy.

This review contains an analysis of available studies on the effectiveness of oral immunotherapy in the treatment of cow-based milk protein allergy.

About the authors

Albina A. Galimova

National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health

Author for correspondence.
Email: albina86@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6701-3872
SPIN-code: 2960-6185

MD, Junior Research Associate

Russian Federation, 2 b. 1, Lomonosovsky prospekt, Moscow, 119991

Svetlana S. Vyazankina

National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health

Email: svsvpav@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6945-1104
SPIN-code: 5222-7651

MD

Russian Federation, 2 b. 1, Lomonosovsky prospekt, Moscow, 119991

Svetlana G. Makarova

National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: sm27@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3056-403X
SPIN-code: 2094-2840

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 2 b. 1, Lomonosovsky prospekt, Moscow, 119991; Moscow

Oksana A. Ereshko

National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health

Email: ksenya2005@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1650-652X
SPIN-code: 3893-9946

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, 2 b. 1, Lomonosovsky prospekt, Moscow, 119991

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