Altered skin microbiome: The most important symptom of atopic dermatitis

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The progressively increased incidence of atopic dermatitis among children and increased persistence in adulthood, combined with an inevitably decreased quality of life of patients, determine the relevance of studying the development mechanisms of this disease not only for dermatology but also for the entire health care system. Thus, the prerequisites for the emergence of new pathogenetic concepts and the search for the most effective therapeutic modalities arise. Currently, atopic dermatitis is considered as the interaction of endogenous (impaired immune response and insufficient epidermal barrier function) and exogenous (exposure to allergens, chemical or physical irritants, and microorganisms) factors.

Environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, genetic makeup, antibiotic use, and good hygiene, play a critical role in skin microbiome maintenance and stability. Normally, the skin microbiota is mainly formed by bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium, and Streptococcus. In 70% of patients with atopic dermatitis, colonization of Staphylococcus aureus is observed on the affected skin, whereas on the unaffected skin in 39%, which secondarily contributes to the development of immune imbalance and increased skin xerosis. This fact determines the importance of basic therapy, which, on one hand, helps to strengthen the epidermal barrier, and on the other, normalizes the microbiome of the skin, thereby reducing the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus.

The normal skin microbiome suppresses the activity of immune-inflammatory responses and regulates pH, lipid synthesis, and transepidermal water loss. Thus, skin microbiome normalization is the key to successful therapy and long-term remission of atopic dermatitis.

作者简介

Olga Tamrazova

Moscow’s Healthcare Department Children Hospital of Z.A. Bashlyaeva; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia

Email: anait_tamrazova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3261-6718
SPIN 代码: 5476-8497

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, 28, Geroev Panfilovcev street, Moscow, 125373; Moscow

Evgeniya Glukhova

Moscow’s Healthcare Department Children Hospital of Z.A. Bashlyaeva; Federal Research Center of Nutrition and Biotechnology

Email: evgeniya.shmeleva1994@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3004-6646
俄罗斯联邦, 28, Geroev Panfilovcev street, Moscow, 125373; Moscow

Anait Tamrazova

Central State Medical Academy of Department of Presidential Affairs; Krasnogorsk Dermatovenerologic Dispensary

Email: anaittamrazova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4672-697X
SPIN 代码: 1563-1190

 

 
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Krasnogorsk

Natalia Dubovets

Moscow’s Healthcare Department Children Hospital of Z.A. Bashlyaeva

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: skorpionka_n@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3278-4797
SPIN 代码: 3677-5969
俄罗斯联邦, 28, Geroev Panfilovcev street, Moscow, 125373

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