Asthma

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Abstract

Asthma is one of the most common respiratory tract diseases (approximately 7% of adults and 10% of adolescents and children suffer from asthma in the Russian Federation). The occurrence frequency of asthma does not depend on sex or age in the population. The number of patients with asthma worldwide increased annually. The majority of patients with asthma respond well to conventional therapies and successful disease control, but 20%–30% of patients have severe phenotypes of asthma resisting known medicines, therefore they rarely achieve asthma control. Patients with severe asthma frequently need hospitalizations (up to 30%) and intensive care (4%–7%).

The clinical asthma guideline aimed to optimize patient care, up-to-date information about the epidemiology, and disease etiology and pathogenesis. Herein, presented the actual data about asthma classification, its clinical signs, modern diagnostics (clinical, laboratory, and instrumental), and differential diagnostics of asthma. Studies reported asthma treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention in the guideline. The authors describe in detail the existing healthcare options for patients with asthma, diasgnostics features, and care in partial groups of population (adolescents, pregnant or nursing women, and persons with occupational, exercise-induced, or severe phenotype asthma).

The clinical guidelines are recommended for medical doctors (independently from qualification), under- and postgraduate students, universities tutors, residents, and researchers.

About the authors

Aleksandr G. Chuchalin

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: pulmo_fmba@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6808-5528
SPIN-code: 7742-2054

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Sergey N. Avdeev

First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: serg_avdeev@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5999-2150
SPIN-code: 1645-5524

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Zaurbek R. Aisanov

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: aisanov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4044-674X
SPIN-code: 2723-6685

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Andrey S. Belevskiy

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: pulmobas@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6050-724X
SPIN-code: 7313-8885

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Olga S. Vasilyeva

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation

Email: ovasil@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7489-3089
SPIN-code: 6907-1314

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997; Moscow

Natalya A. Geppe

First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: geppe@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0547-3686
SPIN-code: 9916-0204

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Galina L. Ignatova

South-Ural State Medical University

Email: iglign@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0877-6554
SPIN-code: 3582-5784

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Chelyabinsk

Nadezhda P. Kniajeskaia

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Email: kniajeskaia@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1562-6386
SPIN-code: 1138-2975

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Aleksandr B. Malakhov

First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: alexis4591m@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2686-8284
SPIN-code: 1749-0503

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Natalya N. Meshcheryakova

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Pulmonology Scientific Research Institute under Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation

Email: m_natalia1967@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1757-4137
SPIN-code: 1148-8334

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997; Moscow

Natalia M. Nenasheva

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

Email: 1444031@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3162-2510
SPIN-code: 3363-6170

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Rustem S. Fassakhov

Kazan Federal University

Email: farrus@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9322-2689
SPIN-code: 1748-7760

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Kazan

Rakhim M. Khaitov

National Research Center ― Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia

Email: rm.khaitov@nrcii.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1829-0424
SPIN-code: 4004-6561

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Natalya I. Ilina

National Research Center ― Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia

Email: nstimmun@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3556-969X
SPIN-code: 6715-5650

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Oksana M. Kurbacheva

National Research Center ― Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia

Email: kurbacheva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3250-0694
SPIN-code: 5698-6436

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Natalia G. Astafyeva

Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky

Email: astang@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7691-4584
SPIN-code: 9941-7013

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Saratov

Irina V. Demko

Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University

Email: demko64@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8982-5292
SPIN-code: 6520-3233

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk

Daria S. Fomina

First Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University); Сlinical State Hospital No. 52,

Email: daria_fomina@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5083-6637
SPIN-code: 3023-4538

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997; Moscow

Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health of Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: leyla.s.namazova@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2209-7531
SPIN-code: 1312-2147

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997; Moscow

Alexander A. Baranov

Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health of Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: baranov@pediatr-russia.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3987-8112
SPIN-code: 3570-1806

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Elena A. Vishneva

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health of Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: vishneva.e@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7398-0562
SPIN-code: 1109-2810

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med)

Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997; Moscow

Gennadiy A. Novik

Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: ga_novik@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7571-5460
SPIN-code: 6289-0209

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexander P. Bobkov

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: eye93@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8939-5680
SPIN-code: 1112-2317
Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997

Laine Ya. Francuzevica

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Research Institute of Rheumatogy named after V.A. Nasonova

Email: frantsuzevitch@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1604-3446
SPIN-code: 4851-0402
Russian Federation, 1, Ostrovityanova street, Moscow, 117997; Moscow; Moscow

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Supplementary files

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1. JATS XML
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2. Fig. 1. Stepwise approach for Asthma Managing.

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3. Fig. B1. Diagnostic Flowchart of Clinical Examination in Patients with Suspected Asthma.

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4. Fig. B2. Asthma Exacerbation Treatment Flowchart of Ambulatory Care in adults, adolescents and children from 6 to 11 years old.

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5. Fig. B3. Flowchart of Hospital Care Managing in Patients with Asthma Exacerbation.

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6. Fig. B4. Occupational Asthma Diagnostics Flowchart.

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7. Appendix G2. Childhood Asthma Control Test (cАСТ)

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8. Appendix G3. Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-5)

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9. Appendix G15. Asthma Treatment Flowchart in Patients Older 18 Years with Newly Diagnosed Asthma and in Patients Older 18 Years Receiving the Therapy

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