Chronic spontaneous urticaria in patients over 65 years old

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Abstract

AIM: To study clinical and immunological features in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients aged 65+ and 18–65 yo.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, the study included 494 adult patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), who were under our supervision from 2014 to 2019. Depending on the age, the patients were divided into 2 groups according to their age: group 1 included patients over 65 years old (51 subjects, 10.3%); group 2 – patients 18–65 years old (443 subjects, 89.7%). In patients with CSU, angioedema was found with the same frequency regardless of age (group 1 – in 49% of patients, in group 2 – in 58.3%). Female were predominated in both groups (90.2% in the 1st and 85.1% in the 2nd). The duration of CSU exceeding 5 years was less common in elderly patients (in group 1 – 6.8%, in group 2 – 17.7%; p<0.05).

RESULTS: The duration of CSU ranges from 1 to 5 years in most patients regardless of age. The combination of CSU with inducible urticaria is not typical for patients over 65 years old. The analysis of comorbid pathology showed that diabetes mellitus is significantly more common and, less often – autoimmune thyroiditis and allergic rhinitis in patients over 65 years old, in comparison with patients aged 18–65 years old. The influence of the age of patients with CSU on IgG, IgM, IgA, CRP levels in blood serum has not been established. The level of total IgE was significantly lower in patients of the elder age group in comparison with the 2nd group (84.1±18.44 IU/ml and 114.9±11.0 IU/ml; p<0.05, respectively).

CONCLUSION: It is registered that 1/10 of the adult patients with CSU are over 65 years old, and the duration of the disease in them rarely exceeds 5 years. The features of the comorbid pathology in this category of patients have been revealed. The difference in the content of total IgE in patients of different age groups is shown here.

About the authors

Raisa Ya. Meshkova

Smolensk State Medical University

Email: meshkova.raisa@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7806-9484

Head of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, MD, PhD, Professor

Russian Federation, Smolensk

Aleksandr V. Vitchuk

Smolensk State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: Djonnyfunt@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4814-3847

Assistant of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology

Russian Federation, Smolensk

Svetlana A. Aksenova

Smolensk State Medical University

Email: Aksenova7@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1539-6709

Assistant Professor of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology

Russian Federation, Smolensk

Victoria V. Bitutskaya

Clinical Hospital № 1, Smolensk Regional Center of Allergology and Immunology

Email: Bjfs@mail.ru

Allergist-Immunologist

Russian Federation, Smolensk

Elena V. Volkova

Clinical Hospital № 1, Smolensk Regional Center of Allergology and Immunology

Email: docvolkova@mail.ru

Allergist-Immunologist, Head of the Clinical Hospital № 1

Russian Federation, Smolensk

Natalya V. Kovrigina

Smolensk State Medical University

Email: Kovriginanv@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2805-8138

Assistant of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology

Russian Federation, Smolensk

Elena V. Slabkaya

Smolensk State Medical University

Email: Slabkaja@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0500-3625

Assistant Professor of the Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, 

Russian Federation, Smolensk

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2. Figure. Concentration of IgE in blood serum of patients with HSC

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3. Table 3. Results of a clinical study of the therapeutic efficacy of ebastine in chronic urticaria, according to multicenter studies [20]

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