高眼压对眼球内部结构应力状态变化影响的模拟

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目的：本研究旨在超声乳化术中眼前房压力升高对眼球不同结构应力状态变化影响的模拟和评估。

材料和方法：通过有限元法建立了一个简化的眼球轴对称解剖模型。使用Deform软件包，可以通过计算超声乳化过程中，眼球前房内多余压力的重新分布对眼球各个结构应力状态的变化，解决了眼球变形问题。

结果：在处理模拟结果的过程中，获得了应用于眼球前房的超压在眼球后极部方向减少重新分布的数据。压力水平为施加的超压的0.85％。获得的数据从少数动物实验中得到了证实。

结论：我们提出的眼压增高对眼球不同结构应力状态变化影响的模拟表明，眼球血流维持在恒定水平的自动调节机制包括玻璃体的弹性特性导致眼压急剧上升的补偿机制。这个模拟可以计算出眼球不同部位的压力再分配，这取决于玻璃体弹性特性的状态，以及无玻璃体眼和硅油填充的情况。

作者简介

Yuri Takhtaev

St. Petersburg Pavlov Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

Email: ytakhtaev@gmail.com

MD, Professor of the Ophthalmology Department. I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

Roman Shliakman

St. Petersburg Pavlov Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: romanshlyakman@gmail.com

Resident of Ophthalmology department. I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia

俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg

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2. Fig. 1. Computer axisymmetric eyeball model

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3. Fig. 2. Scheme of the intraocular structures surface loading with a stepwise increase in pressure in the anterior chamber

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4. Fig. 3. Distribution of mean stresses (hydrostatic pressure) in the eyeball, caused by an excess pressure of 10 KPa in the anterior chamber

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5. Fig. 4. Distribution of mean stresses (hydrostatic pressure) in the vitreous body

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6. Fig. 5. Normal pressure changes at the control points depending on pressure level in the anterior chamber (points P1–P4 — different parts of the retina: optic nerve head, zone of vascular arcades, equator)

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7. Fig. 6. Dependence of pig’s eye pressure redistribution in the vitreous body with an intraocular pressure increase in the anterior chamber: а – according to [29]; b – during modeling

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