Жидкостная биопсия протоковой аденокарциномы и предраковых состояний поджелудочной железы
- Авторы: Атаян Д.П.1, Рахматуллин Т.И.2,3, Джайн М.3, Самоходская Л.М.2,3, Егоров В.И.1
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Учреждения:
- Ильинская больница
- Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова
- Университетская клиника Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова
- Выпуск: Том 106, № 2 (2025)
- Страницы: 243-257
- Тип: Обзоры
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/kazanmedj/article/view/292223
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/KMJ635015
- ID: 292223
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Аннотация
Протоковая аденокарцинома поджелудочной железы занимает 7-е место по смертности среди всех онкологических заболеваний и характеризуется общей пятилетней выживаемостью на всех стадиях не более 15%. Столь высокая летальность связана с поздним выявлением данного новообразования — ввиду отсроченной клинической манифестации и раннего метастазирования лишь около 5% протоковых аденокарцином поджелудочной железы диагностируют на I стадии. Кроме того, актуальной остаётся проблема чрезмерного хирургического воздействия на пациентов, имевших доброкачественное или неопухолевое поражение поджелудочной железы, маскирующееся под протоковую аденокарциному. Применение диагностического подхода, способного с высокой чувствительностью выявлять протоковую аденокарциному на ранней стадии и дифференцировать её с доброкачественными заболеваниями поджелудочной железы, позволило бы увеличить выживаемость больных с данным новообразованием и снизить количество бессмысленных травматизирующих операций. Одной из наиболее перспективных технологий для ранней и неинвазивной диагностики злокачественных новообразований является жидкостная биопсия. Под данным термином понимают комплекс аналитических подходов, направленных на выявление характерных для опухоли генетических, эпигенетических и антигенных изменений при анализе опухолевых дериватов в биологических жидкостях организма (таких как плазма, желчь, моча и т. д.). Жидкостная биопсия может быть использована не только для раннего выявления протоковой аденокарциномы поджелудочной железы и её предшественников у пациентов, находящихся в группах риска, но и для её дифференциальной диагностики. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены работы, посвящённые оценке диагностического потенциала жидкостной биопсии по внеклеточной опухолевой дезоксирибонуклеиновой кислоте и рибонуклеиновой кислоте, а также циркулирующих опухолевых клеток в крови, панкреатическом соке и желчи у пациентов с новообразованиями поджелудочной железы.
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Давид Павлович Атаян
Ильинская больница
Email: d.atayan@ihospital.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9816-3008
зав. отд., отд. онкологии и гематологии
Россия, пос. ИльинскоеТагир Ирекович Рахматуллин
Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова; Университетская клиника Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова
Автор, ответственный за переписку.
Email: tagir.rakhmatullin@internet.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4601-3478
SPIN-код: 7068-1678
студ., стажёр, отд. лабораторной диагностики
Россия, 119991, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва; г. МоскваМарк Джайн
Университетская клиника Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова
Email: jain-mark@outlook.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6594-8113
SPIN-код: 3783-4441
канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр., отд. лабораторной диагностики
Россия, г. МоскваЛариса Михайловна Самоходская
Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова; Университетская клиника Московского государственного университета имени М.В. Ломоносова
Email: slm@fbm.msu.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6734-3989
SPIN-код: 5404-6202
канд. мед. наук, доц., зав. отд., отд. лабораторной диагностики
Россия, 119991, ул. Ленинские горы, д. 1, Москва; г. МоскваВячеслав Иванович Егоров
Ильинская больница
Email: egorov12333@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8805-7604
SPIN-код: 4487-1663
д-р мед. наук, проф., рук. службы гепато-панкреато-билиарной хирургии
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